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Ellipsometry of human tears.

Ben J Glasgow1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Jules Stein Eye Institute, 100 Stein Plaza, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Jules Stein Eye Institute, 100 Stein Plaza, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.

The Ocular Surface
|March 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tear surface lipid layer thickness varies greatly, from 0 to 500 nm. These findings challenge previous methods for distinguishing normal and dry eyes based on tear film thickness.

Keywords:
EllipsometryInterferometryLipid layer thicknessMeibomian lipidReflectometryTear thicknessdry eye

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Biophysics
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • The tear film's outer lipid layer is crucial for preventing tear evaporation.
  • Previous measurements of this lipid layer's thickness have shown significant discrepancies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the range of tear surface layer thickness using advanced ellipsometry.
  • To identify the reasons behind the wide variations in previously reported thickness measurements.

Main Methods:

  • In-vitro ellipsometry was employed to measure tear surface layers from normal and dry eye subjects.
  • High lateral (∼1 μm) and depth (0.1 nm) resolutions were achieved.
  • Thickness calculations utilized matrix methods and multivariate regression applied to Fresnel equations.

Main Results:

  • Ellipsometry revealed a broad thickness range (0-500 nm) for the tear surface film, exceeding prior reports.
  • Samples exhibited both very thin (0-2.6 nm) and significantly thicker (∼200-500 nm) regions.
  • Thickness measurements from dry eye subjects were comparable to those of normal subjects, showing considerable overlap.

Conclusions:

  • Discrepancies in published tear film thickness data likely stem from limitations in older measurement techniques.
  • The wide and overlapping range of tear film thicknesses challenges methodologies that claim to differentiate normal and dry eyes based solely on thickness.