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Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Infant: Who Needs to Be Treated and What Approach

Ish K Gulati1, Sudarshan R Jadcherla2

  • 1Innovative Research Program in Neonatal Feeding Disorders; The Neonatal and Infant Feeding Disorders Program, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.

Pediatric Clinics of North America
|March 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and GER disease (GERD) in NICU infants are reviewed, covering their development, risks, and management. Evidence-based guidelines for assessing and treating these conditions in neonates are provided.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal medicine
  • Pediatric gastroenterology

Background:

  • Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and GER disease (GERD) are common in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) infants.
  • Understanding the unique physiology and risk factors in this population is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on GER and GERD in NICU infants.
  • To summarize the developmental biology, physiology, and pathophysiology relevant to this population.
  • To provide evidence-based guidelines for assessment and management.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on NICU infants.
  • Synthesis of research on gastroesophageal junction development, GER physiology, and GERD pathophysiology.
  • Analysis of epidemiological data, economic burden, and controversies.
  • Formulation of an approach to diagnosis and management.

Main Results:

  • Identified key risk factors for GER and GERD in NICU infants.
  • Addressed the epidemiology and economic impact of these conditions.
  • Examined recent advancements in individual patient assessment.
  • Presented evidence-based guidelines for clinical practice.

Conclusions:

  • A comprehensive understanding of GER and GERD in NICU infants is essential for effective management.
  • Updated guidelines support individualized assessment and evidence-based treatment strategies.
  • Further research may refine management protocols for this vulnerable population.

Keywords:
GERGERDNICUNeonatePreterm

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