Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

Fruit Development, Structure, and Function

Fruits form from a mature flower ovary. As seeds develop from the ovules contained within, the ovary wall undergoes a series of complex changes to form fruit. In some fruits, such as soybeans, the ovary wall dries; in other fruits, such as grapes, it remains fleshy. In some cases, organs other than the ovary contribute to fruit formation; such fruits are called accessory fruits.

Surface Tension and Surface Energy

Surface Tension and Surface Energy

When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
Consider a beaker filled with liquid. The bulk molecules in the liquid experience equal attractive forces on all sides with the surrounding molecules. However, the surface molecules experience a net attractive force downward due to the bulk molecules. The surface of the liquid behaves like a stretched membrane,...

Bode Plots Construction

Bode Plots Construction

The Bode plot is an essential tool in control system analysis, mapping the frequency response of a system through a magnitude plot and a phase plot, both against a logarithmic frequency axis. To construct a Bode plot, consider the transfer function H(ω):

Construction of Root Locus

Construction of Root Locus

The construction of a root locus involves several key steps to analyze and visualize the behavior of a system's poles with varying gain. The number of branches in the root locus equals the number of closed-loop poles and is symmetrical about the real axis.
For positive gain values, the root locus exists on the real axis to the left of an odd number of finite open-loop poles or zeros. The root locus starts at the open-loop poles and traces the paths of the closed-loop poles as the gain...

Construction of Frequency Distribution

Construction of Frequency Distribution

A frequency distribution table can be constructed using the steps given below.
First, make a table with two columns—one with the title of the data that needs to be organized, and the other column for frequency. [Draw a third column for tally marks if needed]. Then, take a look at the items given in the data set and decide if an ungrouped frequency distribution table or a grouped frequency distribution table would be more suitable. If there are large sets of different values, then it is...

Persuasion Strategies

Persuasion Strategies

Researchers have tested many persuasion strategies, including the foot-in-the door and the door-in-the-face techniques, in a variety of contexts. Ultimately, the principles are effective in selling products and changing people’s attitude, ideas, and behaviors (Cialdini & Goldstein, 2004).

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Rethinking CAR-T manufacturing paradigms: terminology, operational considerations, and economic trade-offs.

Cytotherapy·2026

Same author

Large-scale manufacturing of precisely patterned flexible soft tissue implants with high porosity.

Biofabrication·2026

Same author

Roadmap on biomaterials for women's health.

JPhys materials·2026

Same author

Primary activity measurement of an Am-241 solution using microgram inkjet gravimetry and decay energy spectrometry.

Metrologia·2026

Same author

Rapid prediction of cerebral edema on CT scan after traumatic brain injury.

Trauma surgery & acute care open·2026

Same author

Toward 4D printed functional soft tissues.

Acta biomaterialia·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Published on: September 7, 2019

Development of surface functionalization strategies for 3D-printed polystyrene constructs.

Max J Lerman^1,2,3, Shin Muramoto², Navein Arumugasaamy^3,4,5

¹Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials

|March 2, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Surface carbonyl groups on 3D printed polystyrene (PS) scaffolds enhance extracellular matrix (ECM) protein adhesion and human mesenchymal stem cell growth. Optimizing surface properties is key for effective 3D cell culture substrates.

Keywords:

3D printing plasma treatment polystyrene protein adhesion surface chemical modification

More Related Videos

3D Printing - Evaluating Particle Emissions of a 3D Printing Pen

3D Printing - Evaluating Particle Emissions of a 3D Printing Pen

Published on: October 9, 2020

Pancreatic Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Printing 3D Cell-Laden Pancreatic Tissue Constructs

Pancreatic Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Printing 3D Cell-Laden Pancreatic Tissue Constructs

Published on: December 13, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Application of 3D Printing in the Construction of Burr Hole Ring for Deep Brain Stimulation Implants

Published on: September 7, 2019

3D Printing - Evaluating Particle Emissions of a 3D Printing Pen

3D Printing - Evaluating Particle Emissions of a 3D Printing Pen

Published on: October 9, 2020

Pancreatic Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Printing 3D Cell-Laden Pancreatic Tissue Constructs

Pancreatic Tissue-Derived Extracellular Matrix Bioink for Printing 3D Cell-Laden Pancreatic Tissue Constructs

Published on: December 13, 2019

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Engineering
Cell Biology
Surface Chemistry

Background:

3D printing is increasingly used for fabricating cell culture scaffolds.
Scaffold surface properties are critical for cell response and function.
Traditional 2D polystyrene (PS) surfaces require functionalization for cell adhesion.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify surface properties that enhance protein and extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion on PS.
To translate 2D findings to 3D printed PS scaffolds for improved cell culture.
To understand cell-material interactions for designing effective 3D culture systems.

Main Methods:

Correlating PS surface carbonyl group presence with ECM protein adhesion.
Measuring water contact angles (50°-55°) for optimal protein adhesion.
Evaluating human mesenchymal stem cell adhesion, spreading, and growth on 3D PS scaffolds with carbonyl groups.

Main Results:

Presence of carbonyl groups on PS surfaces correlated with enhanced ECM protein adhesion.
Optimal protein adhesion and sustained ECM production by human mesenchymal stem cells occurred at specific water contact angles (50°-55°).
Carbonyl groups on 3D printed PS scaffolds promoted cell spreading and growth in 3D culture.

Conclusions:

Surface functionalization with carbonyl groups is crucial for enhancing cell-material interactions on PS scaffolds.
Optimized surface properties, including specific water contact angles, improve cell adhesion and function in 3D culture.
This study provides a method for 3D printing PS and design insights for biomaterial development in regenerative medicine.