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Related Concept Videos

Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection01:30

Cleaning, Sterilization, and Disinfection

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Cleaning, disinfection, and sterilization are the methods that help to break the infection chain and prevent disease.
Cleaning
The cleaning process usually involves using water with detergents or enzymatic cleaner and removing foreign material from objects and surfaces, including organic material such as body fluids or inorganic material like soil. Cleaning is performed before high-level disinfection and sterilization because foreign materials on the cover of the devices interfere with process...
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Surface Tension and Surface Energy01:16

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When a paint brush is immersed in water, the bristles wave freely inside the water. When it is taken out, the bristles stick together. The reason behind this effect is surface tension.
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Control System Problem01:21

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In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
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Wood Surfacing01:14

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Wood surfacing is a critical finishing process designed to smoothen the wood surface, enhance its dimensional accuracy, and make handling safer. This process compensates for potential shrinkage during the seasoning phase by marginally increasing the wood dimensions before surfacing. It also helps correct some distortions that may occur as the wood dries.
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Infection01:20

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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Cell-surface Signaling01:21

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Hormones—or any molecule that binds to a receptor, known as a ligand—that are lipid-insoluble (water-soluble) are not able to diffuse across the cell membrane. In order to be able to affect a cell without entering it, these hormones bind to receptors on the cell membrane. When a first messenger, a hormone, binds to a receptor, a signal cascade is set off, causing second messengers, proteins inside the cell, to become activated, resulting in downstream effects.
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Determining Viral Disinfection Efficacy of Hot Water Laundering
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Self-disinfecting surfaces and infection control.

Micaela Machado Querido1, Lívia Aguiar2, Paula Neves2

  • 1National Institute of Health, Environmental Health Department, Porto, Portugal; EPIUnit - Institute of Public Health, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Colloids and Surfaces. B, Biointerfaces
|March 2, 2019
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Summary

Healthcare-associated infections are a major concern, with surfaces acting as key reservoirs for microbial spread. Innovative surface modifications are emerging to combat microbial survival and prevent infection transmission in hospitals and public spaces.

Keywords:
Healthcare facilitiesInfection controlMicrobiological risk assessmentPublic spacesSelf-disinfecting surfaces

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Area of Science:

  • Infection Control
  • Materials Science
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) affect millions annually in the EU, posing risks to vulnerable populations.
  • Contaminated surfaces in hospitals and public spaces are significant vectors for pathogen transmission.
  • Effective surface cleaning and microbiological assessment guidelines are often lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the public health problem of contaminated surfaces in infection spreading.
  • To present novel strategies for surface modification to prevent microbial survival.
  • To highlight commercially available solutions for surface contamination control.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of surface contamination issues and infection control.
  • Analysis of emerging strategies in surface modification and functionalization.
  • Examination of antimicrobial and anti-adhesive surface technologies.

Main Results:

  • Surfaces play a critical role in the propagation of microorganisms.
  • Various surface modification strategies are being developed to limit microbial survival.
  • Commercialized solutions incorporating antimicrobial substances and bioactive metals are available.

Conclusions:

  • Addressing surface contamination is crucial for preventing infection spread.
  • Advanced surface technologies offer promising solutions to mitigate public health risks.
  • Continued research and implementation of these strategies are essential.