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Arteries of the Head and Neck01:26

Arteries of the Head and Neck

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The human body's intricate network of arteries ensures that every organ system receives the necessary oxygen and nutrients for optimal function. The arterial network in the head and neck region is particularly complex, providing vital blood flow to the brain, eyes, and other critical structures. Prominent arteries in this region include the internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries.
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The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
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The anterior neck muscles are the group of muscles covering the front part of the neck. These muscles are classified into three subgroups. The first one is the superficial muscles, the most visible muscles in the front of the neck. It includes the platysma and sternocleidomastoid. The second group is the suprahyoid muscles, located above the hyoid bone. This group comprises the digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid, and stylohyoid. Lastly, the infrahyoid muscles are found below the hyoid bone and...
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The muscles that move the head are a dynamic and complex group of structures that work together to facilitate a wide range of head movements, including rotation, flexion, extension, and lateral bending.
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
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Signal processing techniques are essential for accurately converting continuous signals to digital formats and vice versa. When a continuous signal is sampled with a period T, the resulting sampled signal exhibits replicas of the original spectrum in the frequency domain, spaced at intervals equal to the sampling frequency. To handle this sampled signal, a zero-order hold method can be applied, which creates a piecewise constant signal by retaining each sample's value until the next...
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
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Porcine As a Training Module for Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction
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Expertise in Head and Neck Cutaneous Reconstructive Surgery.

Min Deng1, H William Higgins2, Kendra Lesiak3

  • 1Department of Dermatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [Et Al.]
|March 5, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Dermatology, plastic surgery, and otolaryngology are the main contributors to head and neck reconstructive surgery literature. This study analyzed publications from 2000-2015 to determine specialty contributions in various reconstructive techniques.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Specialties
  • Surgical Oncology
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Skin cancer management has advanced with Mohs surgery and specialized dermatology training.
  • The impact of these advancements on reconstructive literature is not well-defined.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the contributions of different medical specialties to head and neck cutaneous oncologic reconstructive literature.
  • To identify leading specialties in specific reconstructive techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of head and neck reconstructive literature (2000-2015).
  • Searched for articles on suture techniques, linear closure, and various flap procedures.
  • Identified the senior author's specialty for each relevant publication.

Main Results:

  • Dermatologists were primary authors for suture techniques (58.2%) and linear closures (48.1%).
  • Plastic surgeons led in advancement (40.5%) and rotation flaps (38.9%), and transposition (47.3%) and interpolation flaps (39.4%).
  • Otolaryngology also showed significant contributions across flap techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Plastic surgery, dermatology, and otolaryngology are the leading specialties in cutaneous head and neck reconstruction.
  • Specialty contributions vary depending on the specific reconstructive technique employed.