A New Ilarvirus Isolated from Grapevine in Greece.
S M Girgis1, F Bem2, P E Kyriakopoulou3
1Grapevine Institute, N.AG.RE.F., Athens.
Plant Disease
|March 6, 2019
Summary
A new Ilarvirus was identified in Greek grapevines exhibiting mosaic, leaf crinkle, and stunting. Molecular analysis revealed its closest similarity to Tobacco streak virus, distinguishing it from other grapevine viruses.
Area of Science:
- Plant Virology
- Molecular Biology
- Agricultural Science
Background:
- Characteristic viruslike symptoms including sharp angular mosaic, leaf crinkle, and little leaf were observed on Baresana × Baresana grapevines in Greece.
- Affected vines displayed gradual decline, severe stunting, and produced abortive flowers with shriveled, non-viable seeds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To isolate and characterize a virus causing severe disease symptoms in grapevine.
- To determine the phylogenetic relationship of the isolated virus to known virus species.
Main Methods:
- Virus isolation via mechanical inoculation on indicator plants (Gomphrena globosa, Chenopodium quinoa, tobacco).
- Serological testing using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against common grapevine viruses.
- Virus particle characterization (size, coat protein molecular weight) and molecular analysis (PCR, sequencing of polymerase gene fragment).
Main Results:
- The isolated virus successfully infected G. globosa, C. quinoa, and tobacco cultivars, causing local and systemic symptoms.
- Serological tests were negative for common grapevine viruses, indicating a novel pathogen.
- Electron microscopy revealed quasi-spherical particles approximately 29 nm in diameter.
- Sequence analysis of the polymerase gene fragment showed 72% similarity to Tobacco streak virus, classifying it as an Ilarvirus.
Conclusions:
- The isolated virus is identified as an Ilarvirus, closely related to Tobacco streak virus.
- This finding represents a new viral disease affecting grapevines in Greece.
- The identified virus is distinct from previously reported Grapevine line pattern virus.
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