Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

Dynamic Pore-scale Reservoir-condition Imaging of Reaction in Carbonates Using Synchrotron Fast Tomography

Published on: February 21, 2017

Value of Three-Dimensional Imaging Systems for Image-Guided Carbon Ion Radiotherapy

Yang Li¹, Yoshiki Kubota², Mutsumi Tashiro³

¹Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Showa 3-39-22, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. m1820051@gunma-u.ac.jp.

|March 6, 2019

Abstract:

Carbon ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) allows excellent dose distribution because of the Bragg Peak. Compared with conventional radiotherapy, it delivers a higher dose with a smaller field. However, the dose distribution is sensitive to anatomical changes. Imaging technologies are necessary to reduce uncertainties during treatment, especially for hypofractionated and adaptive radiotherapy (ART). In-room computed tomography (CT) techniques, such as cone-beam CT (CBCT) and CT-on-rails are routinely used in photon centers and play a key role in improving treatment accuracy. For C-ion RT, there is an increasing demand for a three-dimensional (3D) image-guided system because of the limitations of the present two-dimensional (2D) imaging verification technology. This review discusses the current imaging system used in carbon ion centers and the potential benefits of a volumetric image-guided system.

Keywords:

adaptive radiotherapy anatomical changes carbon ion radiotherapy hypofractionated radiotherapy image-guided radiotherapy in-room CT

More Related Videos

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

Voluntary Breath-hold Technique for Reducing Heart Dose in Left Breast Radiotherapy

Published on: July 3, 2014

FRET Imaging in Three-dimensional Hydrogels

FRET Imaging in Three-dimensional Hydrogels

Published on: August 1, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Aliphatic and Aromatic Carbon-Containing Systems

Phase I biotransformation reactions are integral to drug metabolism, predominantly involving oxidative, reductive, and hydrolytic transformations. Chief among these are oxidative reactions, which enhance the hydrophilicity of xenobiotics and introduce polar functional groups to facilitate their elimination from the body.
Oxidation reactions are fundamental in aromatic carbon-containing systems. An example is the hydroxylation of phenobarbital, a process that transforms it into...

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Carbon-Heteroatom and Miscellaneous Systems

Phase I Reactions: Oxidation of Carbon-Heteroatom and Miscellaneous Systems

Oxidative reactions are pivotal in metabolizing numerous compounds, including pharmaceutical drugs. These reactions often occur in carbon-heteroatom systems, such as carbon-nitrogen, carbon-sulfur, and carbon-oxygen.
In carbon-nitrogen systems, aliphatic and aromatic amines can undergo oxidative reactions. Secondary and tertiary amines, like those found in tricyclic antidepressants, can undergo N-dealkylation, a process that involves the oxidation of the alkyl group. In addition, oxidative...

The Carbon Cycle

The Carbon Cycle

Carbon is the basis of all organic matter on Earth, and is recycled through the ecosystem in two primary processes: one in which carbon is exchanged among living organisms, and one in which carbon is cycled over long periods of time through fossilized organic remains, weathering of rocks, and volcanic activity. Human activities, including increased agricultural practices and the burning of fossil fuels, has greatly affected the balance of the natural carbon cycle.

Common Ion Effect

Common Ion Effect

Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Châtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:

Precipitation of Ions

Precipitation of Ions

Predicting Precipitation
The equation that describes the equilibrium between solid calcium carbonate and its solvated ions is:

Ion Channels

Ion Channels

The movement of ions like sodium, potassium, and calcium into and out of the cell is essential to maintain the electrochemical gradient in living cells. The ion channels—a class of membrane transport proteins—help maintain this ionic gradient for the smooth functioning of physiological activities such as maintaining cell size and volume, conducting nerve impulses, and gas and nutrient exchange.
Ion channels are specialized integral membrane proteins on the plasma membrane that allow...

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Particle Beam Radiotherapy for Gynecologic Cancers: A Scoping Review and Expert Opinion by the Particle Therapy Cooperative Group - Gynecologic Subcommittee.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics·2026

Evaluation of limb function after treatment with chemotherapy and carbon ion radiotherapy for Ewing sarcoma of the scapula: A report of three cases.

Oncology letters·2026

Impact of Histopathological Response on Outcomes After Surgical Resection Following Carbon-Ion Radiotherapy for Pancreatic Cancer With Arterial Involvement.

Annals of gastroenterological surgery·2026

Local Recurrence Prediction After Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Early-stage Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Using Machine Learning.

Anticancer research·2026

MYC upregulation as candidate predictive biomarker for radioresistance in cervical cancer.

Japanese journal of radiology·2026

Outcomes of Supplementation With β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, Arginine, and Glutamine During Carbon-ion Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Prospective Exploratory Study.

In vivo (Athens, Greece)·2026

See all related articles