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Related Concept Videos

Cell Size01:22

Cell Size

127.0K
Cell sizes vary widely among and within organisms. Bacterial cells range between 1-10 micrometers (μm)and are considerably smaller than most eukaryotic cells. The smallest bacteria are 0.1 μm in diameter—about a thousand times smaller than eukaryotic cells, which typically range from 10-100 μm.
Surface Area
Cells can take in nutrients and water via diffusion through the plasma membrane itself or through specific channels in the membrane. The area of the membrane surrounding...
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Subcellular Fractionation01:32

Subcellular Fractionation

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The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is...
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Brick Sizes01:21

Brick Sizes

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Brick sizing plays a crucial role in construction, influencing both the aesthetics and structural integrity of buildings. Bricks are defined by three dimensions: width, thickness, and length. They are commonly designed to fit modular measurements, typically in multiples of 4 inches or 8 inches in width, to facilitate uniform construction and compatibility with other building materials.
Modular bricks are the most common type and are sized to include the mortar joint, which is essential for...
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Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes03:21

Genome Size and the Evolution of New Genes

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While every living organism has a genome of some kind (be it RNA, or DNA), there is considerable variation in the sizes of these blueprints. One major factor that impacts genome size is whether the organism is prokaryotic or eukaryotic. In prokaryotes, the genome contains little to no non-coding sequence, such that genes are tightly clustered in groups or operons sequentially along the chromosome. Conversely, the genes in eukaryotes are punctuated by long stretches of non-coding sequence.
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Maximum Size of Aggregate01:12

Maximum Size of Aggregate

543
The maximum size of aggregate is defined as the aperture of the sieve retaining 15 percent or more of the particles present in the aggregate sample. The aggregate's maximum size impacts the concrete's water requirement, workability, and strength. Larger aggregates reduce the surface area needing cement paste coverage, which can lower water needs, thereby allowing a decrease in the water-to-cement ratio when the desired workability and richness of the mix are to be maintained, which can...
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Sample Size Calculation01:19

Sample Size Calculation

6.6K
Knowledge of the sample size is the first requirement to conduct random sampling or an experiment. The sample size is the total number of units, observations, or groups (in some cases) used to get the data to estimate a population parameter. As the name suggests, the sample size is that of the sample drawn from the population and differs from the population size.
The sample size for the given experiment or sampling effort is fundamental to any study design. Sample size decides the number of...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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Left Ventricular Size and Ejection Fraction: Are They Still Relevant?

Dora Fabijanovic1, Davor Milicic1, Maja Cikes1

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Kispaticeva 12, Zagreb 10000, Croatia.

Heart Failure Clinics
|March 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Left ventricular ejection fraction is key for heart failure management but can be inaccurate. Novel echocardiographic measures are needed to improve understanding and treatment of this complex condition.

Keywords:
Cardiac remodelingEchocardiographyHeart failureLeft ventricular ejection fractionLeft ventricular volumes

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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
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Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

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A Surgical Model of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction in Tibetan Minipigs

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Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography
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Evaluation of Left Ventricular Structure and Function using 3D Echocardiography

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Echocardiography

Background:

  • Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is crucial for heart failure diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.
  • Current LVEF assessment may not fully capture myocardial function in diverse heart failure conditions.
  • Reverse remodeling, changes in left ventricular size and LVEF, is a primary treatment goal.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limitations of LVEF in heart failure.
  • To emphasize the need for advanced echocardiographic techniques.
  • To explore novel measures for better understanding heart failure pathophysiology.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current echocardiographic practices in heart failure.
  • Analysis of the role of LVEF in clinical decision-making.
  • Discussion of emerging echocardiographic parameters.

Main Results:

  • LVEF remains the standard but can misrepresent true myocardial function.
  • Significant portion of heart failure patients lack effective therapies.
  • Novel echocardiographic measures may offer deeper insights.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating novel echocardiographic measures is essential for advancing heart failure care.
  • Improved understanding of pathophysiology can lead to better therapeutic strategies.
  • Addressing limitations of LVEF is critical for optimizing patient outcomes.