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This study developed a visual test for Chinese characters, assessing symbol legibility using contrast thresholds and confusion patterns. Results show Chinese characters require higher contrast than standard optotypes like Tumbling E and Landolt C.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Vision Science
  • Optometry

Background:

  • Evaluating symbol legibility is crucial for reliable visual tests.
  • Previous research focused on Latin optotypes, necessitating studies on other scripts.
  • Chinese characters present unique visual challenges due to their complexity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a visual function test for the Chinese reading population.
  • To assess the legibility of Chinese word symbols.
  • To compare the legibility of Chinese characters with standard optotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed legibility using contrast thresholds, confusion matrices, and pixel ratios.
  • Selected Chinese characters with similar legibility.
  • Evaluated contrast thresholds of selected Chinese character sets and Tumbling E/Landolt C optotypes.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in contrast thresholds were found among the five selected Chinese character sets.
  • The contrast thresholds for Chinese characters were significantly higher than those for Tumbling E and Landolt C optotypes.
  • Combining multiple assessment methods proved useful for evaluating visual word symbol legibility.

Conclusions:

  • The developed methods provide a reliable way to assess Chinese character legibility.
  • Chinese characters require higher contrast sensitivity compared to standard optotypes.
  • Integrating visual stimulus properties enhances the investigation of symbol legibility in visual tests.