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Driving while navigating: On-road driving performance using GPS or printed instructions.

Lauren Marchman Cochran, Anne E Dickerson

    Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy. Revue Canadienne D'Ergotherapie
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    Global Positioning System (GPS) navigation significantly improved driving performance compared to printed directions. Driving simulators offer an efficient method for assessing driving skills and executive function.

    Keywords:
    Conduite automobileDrivingGlobal positioning systemInteractive driving simulatorNavigationOrientationSimulateur de conduite interactifSystème de positionnement globalWayfinding

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    Area of Science:

    • Human Factors
    • Cognitive Psychology
    • Transportation Safety

    Background:

    • Route navigation is a complex cognitive skill essential for safe driving in unfamiliar environments.
    • Effective navigation relies on intact executive functioning, including planning and decision-making.
    • Impaired navigation can compromise driving safety and independence.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare driving performance using electronic navigation (Global Positioning System - GPS) versus traditional printed directions.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of an interactive driving simulator in assessing navigation performance.
    • To determine if on-road driving performance correlates with simulator-based performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Twenty-four participants navigated unfamiliar routes under three conditions: on-road with GPS, on-road with printed directions, and simulator with printed directions.
    • Performance was quantified using a point system.
    • Paired t-tests were employed to analyze differences in performance between navigation methods and between on-road and simulator conditions.

    Main Results:

    • On-road driving performance was significantly better when using GPS compared to printed directions.
    • No significant difference was found between on-road driving performance and simulator performance.
    • GPS navigation enhanced route finding efficiency and potentially safety.

    Conclusions:

    • Global Positioning System (GPS) technology can significantly improve driving performance and safety during navigation.
    • Driving simulators provide a viable and efficient tool for evaluating complex driving behaviors, including executive functions.
    • Simulator-based assessments may accurately reflect real-world driving capabilities, aiding in readiness-to-drive evaluations.