Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

What is Gene Expression?01:42

What is Gene Expression?

196.4K
Overview
Gene expression is the process in which DNA directs the synthesis of functional products, that is, proteins. Cells can regulate gene expression at various stages. It allows organisms to generate different cell types and enables cells to adapt to internal and external factors.
Genetic Information Flows from DNA to RNA to Protein
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is made up of nucleotides and proteins consist of amino...
196.4K
What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

11.3K
A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
11.3K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

16.5K
Multicellular organisms contain a variety of structurally and functionally distinct cell types, but the DNA in all the cells originated from the same parent cells. The differences in the cells can be attributed to the differential gene expression. Liver cells, whose functions include detoxification of blood, production of bile to metabolize fats, and synthesis of proteins essential for metabolism, must express a specific set of genes to perform their functions. Gene expression also varies with...
16.5K
Cell Specific Gene Expression01:58

Cell Specific Gene Expression

5.5K
5.5K
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression02:35

Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression

24.8K
Chromatin is the massive complex of DNA and proteins packaged inside the nucleus. The complexity of chromatin folding and how it is packaged inside the nucleus greatly influences  access to genetic information. Generally, the nucleus' periphery is considered transcriptionally repressive, while the cell's interior is considered a transcriptionally active area. 
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
24.8K
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression02:51

mRNA Stability and Gene Expression

6.6K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
6.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Tomato Ve-resistance locus: resilience in the face of adversity?

Planta·2021
Same author

Respiratory syncytial virus infection induces the release of transglutaminase 2 from human airway epithelial cells.

American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology·2021
Same author

The Ve-resistance locus, a plant signaling intercept.

Planta·2020
Same author

Proinflammatory Effects of Respiratory Syncytial Virus-Induced Epithelial HMGB1 on Human Innate Immune Cell Activation.

Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)·2018
Same author

Antagonistic function of the Ve R-genes in tomato.

Plant molecular biology·2018
Same author

A Graft Mimic Strategy for Verticillium Resistance in Tomato.

Molecular biotechnology·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Virus-induced Gene Silencing VIGS in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato
06:34

Virus-induced Gene Silencing VIGS in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato

Published on: June 10, 2009

53.9K

Wounding induces tomato Ve1 R-gene expression.

Ross N Nazar1, Christian D M Castroverde2, Xin Xu2

  • 1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. rnnazar@UoGuelph.ca.

Planta
|March 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Tomato Ve1 gene expression is triggered by physical damage, mimicking defense responses to Verticillium wilt. Jasmonic acid, not systemin, plays a role in Ve1 gene induction.

Keywords:
Gene silencingPlant defensePlant resistanceProteomicsReceptorVascular fungusVerticillium wilt

More Related Videos

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
10:34

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

Published on: April 14, 2010

16.0K
High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay
06:41

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

Published on: March 10, 2020

10.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Virus-induced Gene Silencing VIGS in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato
06:34

Virus-induced Gene Silencing VIGS in Nicotiana benthamiana and Tomato

Published on: June 10, 2009

53.9K
Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells
10:34

Using an Automated Cell Counter to Simplify Gene Expression Studies: siRNA Knockdown of IL-4 Dependent Gene Expression in Namalwa Cells

Published on: April 14, 2010

16.0K
High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay
06:41

High-Throughput Identification of Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato in Tomato using Seedling Flood Assay

Published on: March 10, 2020

10.2K

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Molecular biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Verticillium resistance in tomato is controlled by the Ve gene locus (Ve1, Ve2).
  • Ve1 gene expression is induced by physical damage, mimicking responses to Verticillium colonization.
  • Ve2 is constitutively expressed, suggesting complex roles in plant defense and stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate Ve gene expression under abiotic stress (water deficit, salinity, physical damage).
  • Evaluate changes at mRNA and protein levels using RT-PCR and LC-MS.
  • Clarify the role of systemin and jasmonic acid in Ve1 gene induction.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) for mRNA analysis.
  • Label-free Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS) for proteomic analysis.
  • Mutational analyses of Ve1, Ve2, systemin, and jasmonic acid pathways.

Main Results:

  • Ve1 gene expression is specifically induced by physical damage or wounding.
  • This induction initiates a defense/stress cascade similar to Verticillium colonization.
  • Elimination of Ve1 or Ve2 function leads to proteomic changes consistent with an antagonistic relationship.
  • Jasmonic acid, not systemin, is directly involved in Ve1 gene induction.

Conclusions:

  • Ve1 gene's response to wounding suggests a broader role in plant defense beyond Verticillium wilt.
  • The Ve gene locus exhibits complex regulation and interactions in response to various stresses.
  • Jasmonic acid is a key signaling molecule in the wound-induced expression of the Ve1 gene.