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Seedling Blight Development and Control in Spring Wheat Damaged by Fusarium graminearum Group 2
1Associate Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108.
Plant Disease
|March 8, 2019
Summary
Fusarium-damaged wheat seeds cause seedling blight, reducing crop stands. Fungicide seed treatments effectively controlled blight and improved stands in field trials.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Agricultural Science
- Mycology
Background:
- Seedborne Fusarium species pose a significant threat to hard red spring wheat production.
- Fusarium-damaged seeds exhibit reduced and delayed emergence, along with postemergence seedling death.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate seedborne Fusarium infection in hard red spring wheat.
- To evaluate the efficacy of different fungicide treatments against Fusarium-induced seedling blight.
- To assess the impact of environmental factors on disease development.
Main Methods:
- Comparison of seedling emergence and survival between Fusarium-damaged and undamaged seed lots.
- Evaluation of surface-sterilization effects on fungal recovery and germination.
- Field trials assessing various fungicide combinations (maneb, thiabendazole, triazoles, carboxin) for disease control.
- Correlation analysis of soil temperature and seedling blight incidence.
Main Results:
- Fusarium-damaged seeds resulted in significantly lower stand counts (46%) compared to undamaged seeds (98%).
- Seedling blight incidence increased with higher soil temperatures during emergence.
- Maneb- or thiabendazole-containing fungicide combinations effectively reduced seedling blight and improved stands.
- Triazole fungicides were less effective against seedling blight but controlled loose smut.
Conclusions:
- Seedborne Fusarium graminearum group 2 contributes to significant yield losses in wheat through seedling blight.
- Effective fungicide seed treatments are crucial for managing Fusarium-induced diseases in wheat.
- Environmental conditions, particularly soil temperature, influence the severity of seedling blight.
Keywords:
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