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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

A Photonic System for Generating Unconditional Polarization-Entangled Photons Based on Multiple Quantum Interference

Published on: September 5, 2019

Percolation thresholds for photonic quantum computing.

Mihir Pant^1,2, Don Towsley³, Dirk Englund⁴

¹Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, MIT, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA. mihir.pant@gmail.com.

Nature Communications

|March 8, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate a method to create universal photonic cluster states for quantum computation by fusing smaller entangled clusters. This approach requires a fusion success probability achievable with current technology, making it suitable for integrated photonics.

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Area of Science:

Quantum Information Science
Quantum Optics
Photonic Quantum Computing

Background:

Probabilistic linear-optical fusion (Bell measurement) is a key challenge in generating photonic cluster states.
Universal quantum computation relies on large-scale entangled photonic cluster states.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a method for preparing universal photonic cluster states without feed-forward.
To determine the minimum fusion success probability required for this preparation.
To identify practical constructions for generating these states using integrated photonics.

Main Methods:

Proving a general bound for the required fusion success probability.
Developing a conceptual method to construct long-range-connected clusters.
Mapping cluster state construction to bond percolation thresholds on logical graphs.

Main Results:

A general bound [Formula: see text] for the fusion success probability was proven.
A novel mapping to bond percolation thresholds was established, enabling constructions with lower required fusion probabilities.
A method to create universal cluster states by fusing 3-photon clusters over a 2D lattice was demonstrated.

Conclusions:

The required fusion success probability is achievable with linear optics and single photons.
This work settles an open question regarding the feasibility of universal cluster state generation.
The findings are attractive for integrated-photonic quantum computation realizations.