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Related Experiment Videos

CD2 and CD3 antigens mobilize Ca2+ independently.

K O'Flynn, L J Knott, M Russul-Saib

    European Journal of Immunology
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Natural killer (NK) cells lacking the CD3 complex can mobilize calcium and activate proliferation via the CD2 molecule. This demonstrates a CD2-mediated activation pathway independent of the CD3 antigen receptor complex in T cell stimulation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Cellular Biology
    • Molecular Medicine

    Background:

    • T cell activation typically involves the CD3 antigen receptor (Ti) complex, leading to calcium mobilization and proliferation.
    • The CD2 molecule, a sheep red blood cell receptor, also mediates calcium mobilization and mitogenesis, particularly when stimulated by phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
    • Previous hypotheses suggested that CD2-mediated activation necessitates CD3, with the CD3 epsilon chain potentially acting as a calcium channel.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the role of the CD2 molecule in calcium mobilization and T cell activation in the absence of the CD3 complex.
    • To determine if CD2-mediated activation is independent of the CD3 antigen receptor pathway.

    Main Methods:

    • Isolation of natural killer (NK) cells expressing CD2 but lacking CD3 from a patient with a chronic lymphocyte expansion.

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  • Stimulation of these NK cells using monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against CD2 and anti-CD3 mAb.
  • Assessment of intracellular calcium mobilization and proliferative responses following stimulation.

    • Main Results:

    • Monoclonal antibodies to CD2 and purified PHA successfully induced calcium mobilization in NK cells lacking CD3.
    • Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies did not induce calcium mobilization in these CD3-negative NK cells.
    • These findings indicate that CD2 can independently mediate calcium mobilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Calcium mobilization can be effectively induced via the CD2 molecule in NK cells that do not express CD3.
    • Activation through the CD2 molecule represents a distinct pathway separate from the antigen receptor CD3 pathway.
    • This research challenges the requirement of CD3 for CD2-mediated cellular activation.