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Routine Screening Method for Microparticles in Platelet Transfusions
Published on: January 31, 2018
Platelets release proinflammatory microparticles in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis
Di Miao1,2,3,4,5, Tian-Tian Ma1,2,3, Min Chen1,2,3
1Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Institute of Nephrology, Peking University.
Objectives:
The biological functions of the platelets contributing to ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) are largely unclear. The current study aimed to investigate the potential role of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) in AAV.
Methods:
In the current study, microparticles in AAV patients were analysed by flow cytometry, and PMPs were probed for relative levels of 640 bioactive proteins secreted from patients' platelets using antibody microarrays. These data were then correlated with clinical and pathological parameters.
Results:
PMPs were significantly increased in 69 AAV patients, predominantly MPO-ANCA positive patients in active stage compared with in remission [4406.8/μl (2135.4, 5485.0) vs 549.7/μl (350, 708.5), P < 0.0001], and 43% of microparticles in active AAV were PMPs. Compared with 15 patients in remission, highly expressed proinflammatory molecules in the microparticles from platelets in 15 AAV patients in active stage revealed that potential functions of PMPs were promotion of the effect of chemotaxis, adhesion, growth and apoptosis (all the patients for array analysis were MPO-ANCA positive). The level of PMPs had a significant association with disease activity, inflammation, and renal damage.
Conclusion:
PMPs may serve as inflammatory propagators through their wide production of proinflammatory cytokines in AAV, potentially providing a novel therapeutic target.
Insights
Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) are elevated in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV), particularly during active disease stages. These PMPs promote inflammation and may represent a novel therapeutic target for AAV.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Nephrology
Background:
- The precise role of platelets in ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) remains incompletely understood.
- Platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) are small vesicles released from platelets, implicated in various pathological processes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the potential involvement and function of PMPs in the pathogenesis of AAV.
- To correlate PMP levels with disease activity and clinical parameters in AAV patients.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to analyze microparticles in AAV patients.
- Antibody microarrays quantified 640 bioactive proteins in PMPs from AAV patients.
- PMP levels were correlated with clinical and pathological features of AAV.
Main Results:
- PMPs were significantly elevated in active AAV patients compared to those in remission (P < 0.0001).
- In active AAV, 43% of microparticles were identified as PMPs.
- PMPs expressed proinflammatory molecules, suggesting roles in chemotaxis, adhesion, growth, and apoptosis.
- Elevated PMP levels correlated with disease activity, inflammation, and renal damage.
Conclusions:
- PMPs may act as key propagators of inflammation in AAV through the release of proinflammatory cytokines.
- PMPs represent a potential novel therapeutic target for managing ANCA-associated vasculitis.
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