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Related Concept Videos

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism01:27

Combined Effects of Drugs: Synergism

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Synergism is a useful mechanism where combining two or more drugs is more effective than each constituent used alone. Such combinations are also called supra-additive interactions. The drugs collectively enhance the final therapeutic effect by acting on different targets. Another advantage is that the low dose of each constituent drug is sufficient to achieve the desired effect. This helps reduce the duration of therapy and lower the adverse effects of these drugs.
Such synergistic combinations...
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Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism01:30

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The combined effects of drugs can result in various interactions, of which an important type is antagonism. Antagonism is a mechanism where one drug inhibits or counteracts the effects of another drug. Antagonism can occur through various means, including receptor binding, allosteric modulation, functional interaction, chemical reactions, and pharmacokinetic processes.
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Genetic Screens02:46

Genetic Screens

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Genetic screens are tools used to identify genes and mutations responsible for phenotypes of interest. Genetic screens help identify individuals or a group of people at risk of developing  genetic diseases and help them with early intervention, targeted therapy, and reproductive options.
Forward genetic screens
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Impedance Combination01:21

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Consider a string of christmas lights, each bulb symbolizing an impedance element. In this series configuration, the flow of electric current remains uniform across every component. This behavior aligns with Kirchhoff's Voltage Law (KVL), which asserts that the total impedance in such a setup equals the sum of individual impedances—akin to resistors in series. It follows that the voltage from the power source is distributed proportionally among these components, adhering to the voltage...
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Combination Of Resistors01:18

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Electrical devices in any circuit can be connected either by series or parallel connections. Additionally, circuits can be connected involving both of these connections, known as combination or complex circuits. As these circuits have complex resistor connections, it is necessary to identify different parts as either series or parallel connections, then the whole combination of series and parallel resistors can be reduced to a single equivalent resistance. With the known equivalent resistance...
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Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

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Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
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Generation of High-Throughput Three-Dimensional Tumor Spheroids for Drug Screening
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High-Throughput Screening for Drug Combinations.

Paul Shinn1, Lu Chen1, Marc Ferrer1

  • 1National Center for Advancing Translational Science, Rockville, MD, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|March 9, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

High-throughput screening accelerates the discovery of effective drug combinations. This chapter details automated workflows for screening drug pairs in vitro, analyzing results for improved therapeutics.

Keywords:
Acoustic dispensingAutomationCompound managementDrug combination screeningSynergy

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Drug Discovery
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Traditional drug combination identification is manual and slow.
  • High-throughput screening (HTS) platforms now enable rapid screening of numerous drug pairs.
  • Automated methods are crucial for efficient drug discovery.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a workflow for screening single agents against drug libraries.
  • To detail the automation and informatics required for HTS of drug combinations.
  • To outline data analysis and visualization techniques for drug screening.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing a full dose-response matrix scheme for drug pair screening.
  • Employing viability as the primary readout for therapeutic effect.
  • Implementing automated systems for high-throughput screening (HTS).
  • Applying bioinformatics for data processing, analysis, and visualization.

Main Results:

  • Demonstration of an automated workflow for in vitro drug combination screening.
  • Efficient processing of large datasets generated from robotic screening.
  • Successful analysis and visualization of drug interaction data.

Conclusions:

  • Automated HTS platforms significantly accelerate the identification of drug combinations.
  • Standardized workflows and robust informatics are essential for effective drug discovery.
  • This approach facilitates the development of novel combination therapeutics.