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Updated: Jan 28, 2026

A Coupled Experiment-finite Element Modeling Methodology for Assessing High Strain Rate Mechanical Response of Soft Biomaterials
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First Results on the Scalar WIMP-Pion Coupling, Using the XENON1T Experiment
E Aprile, J Aalbers, F Agostini
1Institute for Nuclear Theory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1550, USA.
Abstract:
We present first results on the scalar coupling of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) to pions from 1 t yr of exposure with the XENON1T experiment. This interaction is generated when the WIMP couples to a virtual pion exchanged between the nucleons in a nucleus. In contrast to most nonrelativistic operators, these pion-exchange currents can be coherently enhanced by the total number of nucleons and therefore may dominate in scenarios where spin-independent WIMP-nucleon interactions are suppressed. Moreover, for natural values of the couplings, they dominate over the spin-dependent channel due to their coherence in the nucleus. Using the signal model of this new WIMP-pion channel, no significant excess is found, leading to an upper limit cross section of 6.4×10^{-46} cm^{2} (90% confidence level) at 30 GeV/c^{2} WIMP mass.
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