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Pericarditis is defined as the inflammation of the pericardium, the thin, sac-like membrane surrounding the heart. This condition can cause significant chest pain and other symptoms, often necessitating medical intervention. The pericardium has two layers: the inner visceral layer and the outer parietal layer, separated by a small amount of fluid that reduces friction during heartbeats.Types of PericarditisPericarditis can be classified into several types based on the duration and nature of the...
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The primary objectives of managing pericarditis are to determine the underlying cause, provide effective therapy for treatment and symptom relief, and promptly detect signs and symptoms of cardiac tamponade. The following outlines the essential aspects of medical management for pericarditis:ObjectivesDetermine the Cause: Identifying the underlying cause of pericarditis is crucial for targeted treatment. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune diseases, post-cardiac injury syndrome, and...
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Pericarditis, an inflammation of the pericardium, necessitates diligent nursing management to ensure effective patient care and recovery. The initial step in managing pericarditis is a comprehensive patient medical assessment.The patient reports chest pain aggravated by breathing, coughing, and swallowing, which worsens when lying supine. The pain often improves when sitting up and leaning forward. Additional symptoms may include fever, malaise, and, in severe cases, signs of heart failure.
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Pericarditis.

Mehmet Altan1, Maria I Toki2, Scott N Gettinger3

  • 1Section of Medical Oncology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Thoracic/Head & Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Journal of Thoracic Oncology : Official Publication of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
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Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause rare but serious heart problems like pericarditis. This study reports three non-small cell lung cancer patients who developed pericarditis during immunotherapy.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are crucial in cancer therapy.
  • Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common with ICIs.
  • ICI-mediated cardiotoxicity is rare but potentially fatal.

Observation:

  • Pericarditis is an infrequent cardiac toxicity associated with immunotherapy.
  • Predisposing factors for ICI-induced pericarditis are largely unknown.
  • Three cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients developing pericarditis during ICI therapy (PD-1/PD-L1+/- CTLA-4 inhibitors) are presented.

Findings:

  • Clinical presentations of three NSCLC patients with pericarditis during ICI therapy were reviewed.
  • Histopathologic findings from autopsies (two patients) and pericardial sampling (one patient) were analyzed.
  • The third patient recovered from the pericarditis episode.

Implications:

  • This case series provides insights into pericarditis as an irAE.
  • Understanding potential mechanisms of ICI-induced pericarditis is crucial for patient management.
  • Further research is needed to identify predisposing factors and optimize treatment strategies for ICI-related cardiotoxicity.