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Related Concept Videos

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Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Cancer02:18

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
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Several factors can increase the risk of cancer in an individual. About 50% of cancer cases can be prevented by adopting a healthy lifestyle, regular exercise, eating healthy, and following a modest cancer prevention diet. Epidemiological studies have consistently shown that populations with vegetable and fruit-rich diets have reduced the incidence of cancer. On the other hand, populations who have a diet rich in animal fat, red meat, junk food, or high calories are predisposed to cancer.
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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
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Cancer treatment vaccines are a rapidly evolving field that offers a promising approach to immunotherapy. Unlike traditional vaccines that prevent diseases, cancer treatment vaccines are designed to treat existing cancers by stimulating the immune system to recognize and attack cancer cells.
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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Inmunotherapy in prostate cancer.

Inês Anselmo da Costa1, Arnulf Stenzl1, Jens Bedke1

  • 1Department of Urology. Eberhard Karls University Tübingen. Germany.

Archivos Espanoles De Urologia
|March 12, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Immunotherapy shows promise for treating prostate cancer (PCa), with ongoing trials exploring new treatments. While one immunotherapy is FDA-approved, further research may reshape future PCa care.

Keywords:
Checkpoint inhibitorsCáncer de próstataImmunotherapyInmunoterapiaInnhibidores del punto de controlProstate cancerVaccines

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) remains a significant global health challenge, with metastatic disease being incurable despite advances in chemotherapy.
  • Immunotherapy has emerged as a promising treatment modality across various cancer types, including PCa.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing clinical trials and discuss emerging immunotherapies for prostate cancer.
  • To highlight the potential of immunotherapy to reshape PCa treatment paradigms.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of published evidence on PCa immunotherapy.
  • Searches were conducted in PubMed and clinicaltrials.gov for English-language papers and trials.

Main Results:

  • Multiple clinical trials are investigating various immunotherapeutic agents and combinations for PCa.
  • The low toxicity profile of immunotherapies is a key advantage, increasing patient acceptance.
  • Currently, only one immunotherapy has received FDA approval for PCa, but numerous Phase II/III trials are underway.

Conclusions:

  • Ongoing clinical trials are expected to yield significant data in the coming years.
  • Immunotherapy holds the potential to fundamentally alter the treatment landscape for prostate cancer.