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Related Concept Videos

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas01:16

Cells and Secretions of the Pancreas

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The pancreas, a vital organ within the abdominal cavity, plays dual roles in the digestive and endocrine systems, collaborating with exocrine and endocrine cells to maintain optimal digestion and blood sugar levels.
Exocrine function is carried out by acinar cells, organized into clusters known as acini. These cells contribute to digestion by releasing substantial quantities of enzyme-rich, alkaline digestive juices.
Concurrently, the dispersed clusters of endocrine cells throughout the...
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The Extracellular Matrix01:42

The Extracellular Matrix

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Overview
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Hormones Secreted by the Stomach01:25

Hormones Secreted by the Stomach

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Enteroendocrine cells, accounting for only 1% of stomach epithelial cells, play a significant role in digestion and are classified by their digestive hormone secretions.
Each of these hormones secreted by different enteroendocrine cells plays a unique role in digestion. Here are a few examples:
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Pancreatic Juice and Secretion01:26

Pancreatic Juice and Secretion

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Pancreatic juice is a clear fluid produced by the pancreas, containing water, salts, sodium bicarbonate, and enzymes vital for digestion in the small intestine. It helps break down large molecules, facilitating nutrient absorption.
When acidic chyme from the stomach enters the duodenum, it triggers the release of secretin, a hormone that prompts pancreatic juice secretion. After a fatty meal, cholecystokinin, another hormone, stimulates gallbladder contraction and enhances enzyme-rich...
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Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion01:28

Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion

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Tubular secretion and reabsorption are two critical processes in the nephron tubule of the kidneys. When the fluid filtered from the glomerulus enters the proximal convoluted tubule, it is referred to as filtrate, and its composition changes due to tubular reabsorption and secretion.
Tubular reabsorption is a selective process that starts when the filtrate enters the proximal tubules. It involves substances traveling through the transcellular route (through the tubule cell and peritubular...
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Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT01:28

Reabsorption and Secretion in the PCT

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The Proximal Convoluted Tubule, or PCT, plays a pivotal role in the body's filtration system. They are primarily responsible for reabsorbing solutes and water from the filtered fluid produced by the glomeruli. Most of the filtered water, ions, and organic solutes such as glucose and amino acids are reabsorbed by the PCT.
Transport mechanisms involving sodium ions (Na+) contribute significantly to solute reabsorption. These mechanisms include symport and antiport processes.
A key example is the...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Quantification and Size-profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing
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Quantification and Size-profiling of Extracellular Vesicles Using Tunable Resistive Pulse Sensing

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Multiplexed profiling of single-cell extracellular vesicles secretion.

Yahui Ji1,2, Dongyuan Qi3, Linmei Li1

  • 1Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 116023 Dalian, China.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new method to analyze single-cell extracellular vesicle (EV) secretion, revealing heterogeneity in oral cancer cells and linking specific EV phenotypes to invasiveness.

Keywords:
antibody barcodescellular heterogeneityextracellular vesiclesingle-cell analysis

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Multimodal Analytical Platform on a Multiplexed Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging Chip for the Analysis of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets
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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Cell Biology
  • Cancer Research

Background:

  • Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key in cell-to-cell communication, influencing health and disease.
  • Traditional EV profiling methods obscure crucial single-cell secretion differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput platform for multiplexed single-cell EV secretion profiling.
  • To investigate single-cell heterogeneity in EV secretion in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized spatially patterned antibody barcodes for multiplexed profiling of over 1,000 single cells.
  • Applied the platform to OSCC cell lines and primary cells.
  • Performed simultaneous detection of EV and cytokine secretion from single cells.

Main Results:

  • Revealed significant single-cell heterogeneity in EV secretion within OSCC.
  • Identified a decrease in CD63+EVs associated with OSCC cell invasiveness.
  • Discovered distinct cellular subgroups with unique EV and cytokine secretion profiles.

Conclusions:

  • The developed platform offers comprehensive single-cell EV secretion analysis.
  • This technology can enhance current single-cell research and EV studies.
  • Findings provide insights into OSCC heterogeneity and intercellular communication.