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Forward genetic screens
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 28, 2026

Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples
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Isolation of Cancer Stem Cells From Human Prostate Cancer Samples

Published on: March 14, 2014

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Smarter screening for prostate cancer.

Guan Hee Tan1, Gregory Nason1, Khaled Ajib1

  • 1University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital and Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Division of Urology, University of Toronto, 610 University Avenue, 3-130, Toronto, ON, M6G 2M9, Canada.

World Journal of Urology
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Novel screening tools improve prostate cancer detection, reducing unnecessary biopsies. Advanced biomarkers and imaging offer more accurate results than traditional prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening.

Keywords:
Prostate cancerScreeningSerum biomarkerUrine biomarkermpMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Oncology
  • Medical Diagnostics

Background:

  • Prostate cancer is a leading cancer in men.
  • Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening reduces mortality but causes over-diagnosis and unnecessary biopsies.
  • Development of advanced screening methods is crucial to improve prostate cancer detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel screening tools for prostate cancer.
  • To identify methods that overcome the limitations of PSA screening.
  • To explore biomarkers, imaging, and risk models for improved prostate cancer diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature search using PubMed.
  • Focus on newer biomarkers, imaging techniques, and risk-predicting models.
  • Inclusion of studies on biopsy-naïve men.

Main Results:

  • Serum biomarkers (4Kscore, PHI) and urine biomarkers (PCA3, HOXC6/DLX1) show improved accuracy over PSA.
  • Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) is effective for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer.
  • Combined prediction models (e.g., STHLM3) reliably identify high-risk cancers and reduce unnecessary biopsies.

Conclusions:

  • Novel screening tools offer enhanced reliability and precision for prostate cancer detection.
  • Combining tests into prediction models can significantly improve diagnostic accuracy.
  • Shared decision-making remains vital for optimal prostate cancer screening strategies.