Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Signaling Cascades01:24

Intracellular Signaling Cascades

53.4K
Once a ligand binds to a receptor, the signal is transmitted through the membrane and into the cytoplasm. The continuation of a signal in this manner is called signal transduction. Signal transduction only occurs with cell-surface receptors, which cannot interact with most components of the cell, such as DNA. Only internal receptors can interact directly with DNA in the nucleus to initiate protein synthesis. When a ligand binds to its receptor, conformational changes occur that affect the...
53.4K
Intracellular Hormone Receptors01:08

Intracellular Hormone Receptors

59.0K
Lipid-soluble hormones diffuse across the plasma and nuclear membrane of target cells to bind to their specific intracellular receptors. These receptors act as transcription factors that regulate gene expression and protein synthesis in the target cell
59.0K
Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

3.6K
Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
3.6K
Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria01:10

Intracellular Movement of Viruses and Bacteria

3.5K
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include those belonging to the genus Rickettsia responsible for conditions such as rocky mountain spotted fever and the Mediterranean spotted fever; Chlamydia, a genus responsible for a sexually transmitted disease; Coxiella burnetii, an agent responsible for Q fever. Viral pathogens include vaccinia—a poxvirus, and herpes simplex virus—a...
3.5K
Primary Active Transport01:47

Primary Active Transport

197.9K
In contrast to passive transport, active transport involves a substance being moved through membranes in a direction against its concentration or electrochemical gradient. There are two types of active transport: primary active transport and secondary active transport. Primary active transport utilizes chemical energy from ATP to drive protein pumps that are embedded in the cell membrane. With energy from ATP, the pumps transport ions against their electrochemical gradients—a direction...
197.9K
G-protein Coupled Receptors01:21

G-protein Coupled Receptors

131.9K
G-protein coupled receptors are ligand binding receptors that indirectly affect changes in the cell. The actual receptor is a single polypeptide that transverses the cell membrane seven times creating intracellular and extracellular loops. The extracellular loops create a ligand specific pocket which binds to neurotransmitters or hormones. The intracellular loops holds onto the G-protein.
131.9K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Red Blood Cells and Lipoproteins: Important Reservoirs and Transporters of Polyphenols and Their Metabolites.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2020
Same author

Pure Polyphenols and Cranberry Juice High in Anthocyanins Increase Antioxidant Capacity in Animal Organs.

Foods (Basel, Switzerland)·2019
Same author

Binding of Plant Polyphenols to Serum Albumin and LDL: Healthy Implications for Heart Disease.

Journal of agricultural and food chemistry·2019
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
12:00

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

Published on: July 5, 2017

19.8K

Intracellular Polyphenols: How Little We Know.

Joe A Vinson1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Loyola Science Center , University of Scranton , 925 Ridge Row , Scranton , Pennsylvania 18510 United States.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|March 13, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyphenols, potent plant antioxidants, are widely studied in cells. However, their circulating metabolites, not original forms, are key, yet less researched in cellular contexts.

Keywords:
antioxidantscellsconjugationmetabolitespolyphenols

More Related Videos

Labeling and Imaging of Amyloid Plaques in Brain Tissue Using the Natural Polyphenol Curcumin
10:15

Labeling and Imaging of Amyloid Plaques in Brain Tissue Using the Natural Polyphenol Curcumin

Published on: November 1, 2019

13.3K
Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus
08:32

Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.2K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro
12:00

Extraction and Purification of Polyphenols from Freeze-dried Berry Powder for the Treatment of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells In Vitro

Published on: July 5, 2017

19.8K
Labeling and Imaging of Amyloid Plaques in Brain Tissue Using the Natural Polyphenol Curcumin
10:15

Labeling and Imaging of Amyloid Plaques in Brain Tissue Using the Natural Polyphenol Curcumin

Published on: November 1, 2019

13.3K
Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus
08:32

Development and Assessment of Intracellular Infection Models for Staphylococcus aureus

Published on: January 17, 2025

1.2K

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional science
  • Cell biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • In vitro cell studies are crucial for understanding in vivo mechanisms.
  • Polyphenols are major dietary antioxidants extensively studied in cell models.
  • Circulating polyphenols are often metabolites (glucuronides, sulfates, methyls) with potentially weaker effects than parent compounds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically examine current knowledge on polyphenols and cells.
  • To focus on cellular metabolites, which are underrepresented in research.
  • To outline future research needs in this field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of existing studies.
  • Examination of five key areas: stability in media, metabolites, conjugation/deconjugation, cellular transport, and in vivo relevance.
  • Synthesis of current findings and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Thousands of studies exist on parent polyphenols in cells, but few on their metabolites.
  • Metabolites, not parent polyphenols, are prevalent in circulation.
  • The stability, transport, and cellular effects of polyphenol metabolites are poorly understood.

Conclusions:

  • Current in vitro research on polyphenols may not accurately reflect in vivo conditions due to a focus on parent compounds.
  • Further research is urgently needed on the cellular behavior and effects of polyphenol metabolites.
  • Understanding metabolites is critical for accurately assessing the health benefits of dietary polyphenols.