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Alfentanil kinetics in renal insufficiency
European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
|January 1, 1986
Summary
Alfentanil, when given as an intravenous bolus to patients with severe renal dysfunction undergoing hemodialysis, showed favorable pharmacokinetics and was well-tolerated. No adverse effects or delayed recovery were observed in this study.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Nephrology
- Anesthesiology
Background:
- Severe chronic renal dysfunction significantly impacts drug pharmacokinetics.
- Understanding alfentanyl's behavior in dialysis patients is crucial for safe anesthetic management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics of alfentanyl in patients with severe renal dysfunction requiring hemodialysis.
- To assess the safety and tolerability of alfentanyl in this patient population.
Main Methods:
- Administered intravenous bolus of alfentanil (100 micrograms/kg) to 9 patients with severe renal dysfunction.
- Measured plasma alfentanil concentrations using radioimmunoassay.
- Analyzed data using a two-compartment open model.
Main Results:
- Mean distribution half-life was 3.7 min, and elimination half-life was 58 min.
- Apparent central compartment volume was 91 ml/kg; steady-state volume was 304 ml/kg.
- Alfentanil plasma clearance was 5.3 ml/min/kg.
Conclusions:
- Alfentanil exhibits predictable pharmacokinetics in patients with severe renal dysfunction undergoing hemodialysis.
- The drug was well-tolerated with no observed side effects or delayed recovery, suggesting its suitability for anesthesia in this group.