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Burden of the Cardiovascular Diseases in Central Asia
Altyn Aringazina1, Tleuberdi Kuandikov2, Viktor Arkhipov1
1Department of Population Health and Social Sciences, Kazakhstan School of Public Health, Medical University, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Insights
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a major cause of death and disability in Central Asia. This review highlights the CVD burden and risk factors in the region, emphasizing the need for localized prevention strategies.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Cardiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in low- and middle-income countries, posing a significant challenge to national development.
- Central Asia (CA) faces a growing burden of CVD, exacerbated by insufficient preventive care and limited public education on disease management.
- Existing data on CVD risk factors predominantly originates from Western studies, limiting applicability to the Central Asian context.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in Central Asia.
- To identify common cardiovascular risk factors prevalent in the region.
- To synthesize existing literature on CVD in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan.
Main Methods:
- A narrative review of published literature on CVD in Central Asia from 2000 to 2015.
- Inclusion of data from Ministry of Health websites, World Health Organization reports, PubMed, and other published sources.
- Focus on CVD burden, stroke incidence, and prevalent risk factors.
Main Results:
- CVD constitutes a significant cause of disability and mortality in Central Asia.
- Hypertension, diabetes, tobacco use, and alcohol use are identified as common CVD risk factors in the region.
- The review synthesizes available data, highlighting gaps in localized research.
Conclusions:
- Central Asia experiences a substantial burden of cardiovascular diseases, impacting public health and national development.
- Understanding region-specific CVD risk factors is crucial for effective prevention and treatment strategies.
- Further research is needed to address the unique challenges of cardiovascular health in Central Asia.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are now the number one cause of death in low- and middle-income countries, including those in Central Asia (CA). Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate and growing burden of CVD, which constitutes a challenge to national development. CVD account for more than 43% of cases of disability and 9.0% of cases of temporary disability in many developing countries. The high burden of CVD oftentimes results from insufficient preventive care and a lack of education about the prevention and treatment of these diseases. The rapidly growing burden of CVD and other major non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a global public health threat, especially in Central Asia. Information on cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, diabetes, tobacco use, and alcohol use, is traditionally obtained from studies conducted in Europe and North America, which limits our understanding of these factors in Central Asia. In this review, we collected all published information on CVD in Central Asia from 2000 to 2015, which included the websites of the Ministries of Health, the World Health Organization, PubMed, and other published sources. This narrative review describes CVD burden, stroke incidence, and common CVD risk factors in the five post-Soviet countries of Central Asia (Kazakshstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan).
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