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The human ear cannot distinguish between two sources of sound if they happen to reach within a specific time interval, typically 0.1 seconds apart. More than this, and they are perceived as separate sources.
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Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor
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Exploring the crystallinity of different powder sugars through solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences.

Leonid Grunin1, Mecit Halil Oztop2, Selen Guner2

  • 1Department of Physics, Volga State University of Technology, Yoshkar-Ola, Russian Federation.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC
|March 15, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques can now accurately quantify solid and liquid fractions in samples. Solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences overcome probe dead time, enabling reliable quality control for materials like sugar.

Keywords:
crystal/amorphous fractionsmagic sandwich echopowder foodsolid echosugar

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Time-domain nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is vital in polymer, pharmaceutical, and food industries due to rapid analysis and minimal sample preparation.
  • The classical free induction decay (FID) sequence in NMR is limited by probe dead time, potentially hindering accurate detection of solid fractions.
  • Alternative solid-state NMR sequences like solid echo and magic sandwich echo can circumvent dead time issues for improved signal detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the use of solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences for quantifying amorphous and crystalline fractions in powder sugar samples.
  • To establish a foundation for a dependable quality control method in the food industry using these advanced NMR techniques.
  • To develop a unique analytical approach avoiding complex multiparameter fitting of FID signals.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences in solid-state NMR to analyze powder sugar samples.
  • Examined the performance of these sequences across various types of sugars.
  • Calculated the second moment (M2) through direct integration of the fast Fourier transform (FFT) of the solid echo signal, bypassing ambiguous fitting procedures.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated the capability of solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences to measure amorphous/crystal fractions in sugars.
  • The proposed method, relying on FFT integration, provided a straightforward and unambiguous way to determine the second moment (M2).
  • This approach offers a more reliable alternative to traditional FID analysis for quantitative solid-state NMR.

Conclusions:

  • Solid echo and magic sandwich echo sequences are effective for quantifying solid and amorphous fractions in powder sugar, paving the way for advanced quality control.
  • The direct integration of the solid echo's FFT offers a robust and unambiguous method for calculating the second moment (M2), simplifying analysis.
  • This study provides a groundwork for implementing reliable, quantitative solid-state NMR methods in industrial settings, particularly for food products.