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Age and work duration do not predict burnout in firefighters.

Denis Vinnikov1,2, Zhangir Tulekov3, Alikhan Akylzhanov4

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Firefighting managers in Kazakhstan face higher burnout risks. Preventive strategies should address health, language barriers, and alcohol use to support firefighter well-being.

Keywords:
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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health
  • Psychology
  • Emergency Services Research

Background:

  • Burnout is a significant concern in high-stress professions like firefighting.
  • Understanding position-specific burnout prevalence is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine burnout prevalence among Kazakhstan firefighters based on their positions.
  • To identify key predictors of burnout for developing preventive strategies.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study surveyed 604 firefighters in Almaty using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS).
  • Data included demographics, lifestyle, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and burnout dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EX), cynicism (CY), and professional efficacy (PE).
  • Multivariate logistic regression analyses examined associations between predictors and burnout dimensions.

Main Results:

  • Overall burnout scores were low; however, managers reported significantly higher emotional exhaustion and cynicism compared to drivers and trainees.
  • Health-related quality of life (HRQL) positively predicted lower emotional exhaustion and cynicism.
  • Factors like alcohol abstinence and language barriers were associated with higher cynicism, while male sex and lack of a university degree predicted higher professional efficacy burnout.

Conclusions:

  • Firefighting managers are identified as a high-risk group for burnout, independent of age and tenure.
  • Interventions should focus on improving general health, addressing language barriers, and reducing alcohol consumption.
  • Enhancements such as better uniform provision are also suggested for comprehensive burnout mitigation.