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Rotation of Asymmetric Top01:11

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By definition, a spherically symmetric body has the same moment of inertia about any axis passing through its center of mass. This situation changes if there is no spherical symmetry. Since most rigid bodies are not spherically symmetric, these require special treatment.
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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The polymerization can be divided into three phases ̶  nucleation, elongation, and steady-state phase.
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Temperature Dependence on Reaction Rate02:55

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The Collision Theory
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Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
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Ultra-sensitive polymeric waveguide temperature sensor based on asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Donghai Niu, Lilei Wang, Qiang Xu

    Applied Optics
    |March 16, 2019
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a highly sensitive polymeric waveguide temperature sensor using an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer. This sensor achieves a sensitivity of 30.8 nm/°C and a resolution of 0.97×10⁻³°C, ideal for biological applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Materials Science
    • Nanotechnology

    Background:

    • Accurate temperature monitoring is crucial in various scientific fields.
    • Existing temperature sensors often lack the sensitivity or resolution required for delicate biological applications.
    • Polymeric waveguide devices offer potential for enhanced optical sensing capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and fabricate an ultra-sensitive polymeric waveguide temperature sensor.
    • To investigate the impact of structural asymmetry and material properties on sensor performance.
    • To demonstrate the sensor's suitability for high-resolution temperature detection.

    Main Methods:

    • Design of an asymmetric Mach-Zehnder interferometer with varying arm widths.
    • Utilization of a polymer with a high thermo-optic coefficient (TOC).
    • Fabrication using standard photolithography and all-wet etching processes.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a high sensitivity of 30.8 nm/°C with specific cladding (NOA 73) and a 6.5 μm width difference.
    • Demonstrated a minimum temperature resolution of approximately 0.97×10⁻³°C.
    • Experimentally validated the influence of width difference and cladding TOC on sensitivity.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed asymmetric polymeric waveguide sensor offers ultra-high sensitivity and resolution.
    • The sensor exhibits advantages such as ease of fabrication, low cost, and biological compatibility.
    • Potential applications include precise temperature detection in organisms, molecular analysis, and biotechnology.