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Transmission of CMV, HTLV-1, and HIV through breastmilk

Andrew J Prendergast1, Ameena E Goga2, Catriona Waitt3

  • 1Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK; Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, Harare, Zimbabwe.

The Lancet. Child & Adolescent Health
|March 18, 2019
PubMed

Breastfeeding is a crucial child survival intervention. However, the potential for transmission of viral infections from mother to child presents the dilemma of how best to interpret the benefits and risks of breastfeeding in different settings. In this Review, we compare the transmission dynamics, risk factors, and outcomes of infection with three chronic viruses transmitted through breastmilk: cytomegalovirus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1, and HIV. We provide an overview of intervention approaches and discuss scientific, policy, and programming gaps in the understanding of these major global infections.

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