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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Clock Scan Protocol for Image Analysis: ImageJ Plugins
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Combined orbits and clocks from IGS second reprocessing.

Jake Griffiths1

  • 1Naval Center for Space Technology, U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC USA.

Journal of Geodesy
|March 19, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Reprocessing GPS data from 1994-2015 by International GNSS Service (IGS) Analysis Centers yielded consistent long-term products but with reduced precision for orbits and clocks. Retrospective precise point positioning is not recommended, but orbits support network processing.

Keywords:
ClocksCombination resultsGPSIGSOrbitsReprocessing

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Area of Science:

  • Geodesy and Geodynamics
  • Satellite Navigation Systems
  • Geophysical Data Analysis

Background:

  • The International GNSS Service (IGS) reprocessed a global network of GPS tracking data from 1994 to 2015.
  • This reprocessing aimed to create a homogeneous dataset for geophysical studies, building upon previous efforts and contributing to the ITRF2014 global frame.
  • While GLONASS data was included by some centers, it was insufficient for combined GLONASS products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the reprocessing of GPS data, focusing on orbit and clock products from IGS Analysis Centers (ACs).
  • To assess the quality and consistency of these reprocessed products for long-term geophysical analysis.
  • To evaluate the suitability of the reprocessed data for various user applications, including precise point positioning.

Main Methods:

  • Reprocessing of global GPS tracking data from 1994.0 to 2014.0/later by multiple IGS ACs.
  • Uniform extension of AC product time series using weekly operational IGS contributions until early 2015.
  • Combination and assessment of AC orbit and clock submissions, incorporating GLONASS data where available.

Main Results:

  • The reprocessed products (IG2) cover GPS weeks 730 through 1831, providing a consistent long-term dataset.
  • Reprocessed orbits exhibit slightly lower precision compared to current operational orbits and earlier reprocessing campaigns.
  • Due to limited AC participation, only combined 5-minute clocks were feasible, not the operational 30-second clocks; retrospective precise point positioning is not recommended.

Conclusions:

  • The reprocessing objective of achieving homogeneous modeling for the full data history was only partially met due to ongoing analysis changes and limited participation.
  • While not ideal for precise point positioning, the reprocessed orbits support long-term stable user solutions when employed with network processing techniques.
  • The primary benefit is a more consistent long-term product set for analyzing systematic errors, highlighting areas for improvement in future IGS reprocessing efforts.