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Initial development and validation of the Multidimensional Teacher Victimization Scale.

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Summary
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The Multidimensional Teacher Victimization Scale (MTVS) assesses student aggression against teachers. This validated tool helps schools understand and address teacher victimization and its link to teacher burnout.

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Area of Science:

  • Educational Psychology
  • School Safety
  • Teacher Well-being

Background:

  • Teacher victimization by students is a significant issue in schools.
  • Existing assessment tools may lack comprehensiveness or psychometric rigor.
  • Understanding the scope and impact of teacher victimization is crucial for supportive school environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Multidimensional Teacher Victimization Scale (MTVS).
  • To provide a psychometrically sound instrument for assessing teacher perceptions of student-perpetrated aggression and violence.
  • To examine the relationship between teacher victimization and teacher burnout.

Main Methods:

  • Cross-sectional survey design with 1,711 teachers from 58 Chinese schools (grades 7-12).
  • Confirmatory factor analysis to establish scale structure (second-order model with one general TV factor and six lower-order factors).
  • Measurement invariance tests across school levels and gender; concurrent validity assessed via correlation with burnout measures.

Main Results:

  • A second-order model with a general Teacher Victimization (TV) factor and six specific factors (Physical, Social, Verbal, Cyber, Sexual Harassment, Personal Property Offenses) demonstrated strong fit.
  • The MTVS showed measurement invariance across middle/high schools and gender.
  • Teacher victimization scores correlated significantly with teacher burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, accomplishment).

Conclusions:

  • The MTVS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing multidimensional teacher victimization in Chinese schools.
  • The scale's factor structure is consistent across demographic groups.
  • Findings highlight the importance of addressing teacher victimization to mitigate teacher burnout and improve school climate.