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Related Concept Videos

What is Variation?01:14

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Apart from the measures of central tendency, distribution, outliers, and the changing characteristics of data with time, an important characteristic of any data set is its variation or spread. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in others, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean.
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Blood Transfusion01:15

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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Variation01:19

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An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
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Variation in Platelet Transfusion Practices in Cardiac Surgery.

Xun Zhou1, Charles D Fraser1, Alejandro Suarez-Pierre1

  • 11 Division of Cardiac Surgery, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.

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|March 20, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Platelet transfusion after cardiac surgery is linked to higher mortality and complications. Significant institutional variations in transfusion rates suggest a need for standardized practices to improve patient outcomes and conserve resources.

Keywords:
cardiac surgeryplatelet transfusionquality improvement

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Healthcare Quality Improvement

Background:

  • Red blood cell transfusion morbidity in cardiac surgery is known, but platelet transfusion impacts are less understood.
  • Conflicting results from prior studies highlight the need for further investigation into platelet transfusion outcomes.
  • Platelet transfusion practices vary significantly across institutions, impacting patient care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of platelet transfusion on patient outcomes after cardiac surgery.
  • To analyze variations in platelet transfusion practices across multiple institutions in Maryland.
  • To identify associations between platelet transfusion and 30-day mortality and postoperative complications.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 10,478 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass from the Maryland Cardiac Surgery Quality Initiative database.
  • Comparison of platelet transfusion practices across 10 participating centers.
  • Multivariate logistic regression to assess the relationship between platelet transfusion and adverse outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Platelet transfusion rates varied widely between institutions (4.4% to 24.7%), persisting after propensity score matching.
  • For patients on preoperative antiplatelet therapy, transfusion rates ranged from 8.5% to 46.4%.
  • Platelet transfusion was associated with increased 30-day mortality (OR 2.43), pneumonia (OR 2.21), prolonged intubation (OR 2.05), and readmission (OR 1.43).

Conclusions:

  • Significant institutional variation in platelet transfusion rates exists, even after risk factor adjustment.
  • This variation may correlate with increased mortality and length of stay.
  • Further research and practice standardization are needed to mitigate risks and optimize resource use in platelet transfusion.