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The Role of microRNAs Identified in the Amniotic Fluid

Zacharias Fasoulakis1, Marianna Theodora2, Ioannis Tsirkas1

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Thrace, Greece.

Microrna (Shariqah, United Arab Emirates)
|March 20, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Amniotic fluid microRNAs are crucial for fetal development and pregnancy. Their expression patterns may predict adverse pregnancy outcomes and developmental disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Amniotic fluid plays a vital role in fetal nutrition, protection, and thermoregulation.
  • MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs involved in gene regulation.
  • miRNAs are present in various bodily fluids, including amniotic fluid, during pregnancy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current data on microRNAs within amniotic fluid.
  • To explore the role of amniotic fluid microRNAs in pregnancy and fetal development.
  • To assess the potential of amniotic fluid microRNAs as biomarkers for adverse outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search of MEDLINE database.
  • Inclusion of articles related to "microRNA", "Amniotic fluid", and "Adverse outcome".
  • Synthesis of findings on miRNA expression and function in amniotic fluid.

Main Results:

  • MicroRNAs are highly expressed in amniotic fluid during pregnancy.
  • These miRNAs are transferred via exosomes and influence fetal development.
  • Specific miRNA profiles show potential for predicting conditions like Down syndrome and kidney fibrosis.

Conclusions:

  • Amniotic fluid microRNAs are implicated in key pregnancy processes: fibroblast proliferation, fetal development, angiogenesis, cardioprotection, signaling pathways, differentiation, and cell motility.
  • The expression profiles of specific amniotic fluid microRNAs hold prognostic value for predicting adverse outcomes such as Down syndrome, congenital hydronephrosis, and kidney fibrosis.
Keywords:
Adverse outcomesamniotic fluidexosomesfetal developmentmicroRNAspregnancy.

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