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Hepatitis B virus vaccination and revaccination response in children diagnosed with coeliac disease : a multicentre

T Rousseff1, T Claeys1, E Vande Vijver1

  • 1Paediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Ghent University Hospital, Gent, Belgium.

Acta Gastro-Enterologica Belgica
|March 20, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with celiac disease (CD) show a lower hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination response. A single booster vaccine can restore immunity in two-thirds of non-responders, highlighting the need for follow-up checks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Immunology
  • Vaccinology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine.
  • Impaired immune responses in CD patients can impact vaccine efficacy.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination is crucial for preventing infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination response in children diagnosed with celiac disease (CD).
  • To assess the effectiveness of a single booster vaccination in initial non-responders.
  • To identify factors influencing HBV vaccination response in this pediatric cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Assessed anti-hepatitis B surface antibodies (a-HBsAB) in children with CD and complete HBV vaccination.
  • Defined non-response as a-HBsAB levels <10 U/L.
  • Administered a single intramuscular HBV vaccine booster to non-responders and re-evaluated response.

Main Results:

  • 55% of 133 children with CD were initial non-responders to HBV vaccination.
  • No specific factors were found to influence initial vaccination response.
  • A single booster vaccination achieved immunity in 65% (22/34) of initial non-responders.
  • The overall non-response rate decreased from 55% to 23% after booster vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Children with celiac disease exhibit a significantly reduced immune response to HBV vaccination.
  • A single booster dose is effective in inducing serologic response in approximately two-thirds of initial non-responders.
  • Monitoring HBV vaccination response should be an integral part of celiac disease patient follow-up.
Abstract

Keywords:
celiac diseasechildrenhepatitis Bintradermalvaccination

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