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A Community Hospital NICU Developmental Care Partner Program: Feasibility and Association With Decreased Nurse

Brooke Hildebrand Clubbs1, Alan R Barnette, Natallia Gray

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Advances in Neonatal Care : Official Journal of the National Association of Neonatal Nurses
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Summary

A developmental care partner (DCP) program in the NICU is feasible and may reduce staff burnout. This volunteer initiative did not increase infant infection rates, suggesting a positive impact on neonatal intensive care unit environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) care
  • Healthcare volunteer programs
  • Infant sensory development

Background:

  • Limited research exists on volunteer programs providing sensory input to hospitalized infants.
  • Staff-directed sensory interventions are crucial for infant development in the NICU.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the feasibility of implementing a developmental care partner (DCP) program in a level III NICU.
  • To determine the program's impact on healthcare provider burnout and infant infection rates.

Main Methods:

  • Trained volunteers (DCPs) provided sensory input to medically stable infants based on observed behavioral cues.
  • Feasibility assessed through volunteer training, utilization, visit frequency, and duration.
  • Staff burnout measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) pre- and post-implementation.
  • Infant infection rates compared before and after DCP program initiation.

Main Results:

  • 25 out of 72 interested volunteers completed DCP training and provided sensory exposures to 54 neonates.
  • Infants received an average of 8 visits, with many DCPs maintaining consistent weekly visits or significant contact hours.
  • Significant reductions observed in staff emotional exhaustion (P < .001) and depersonalization (P < .006) post-DCP implementation.
  • No statistically significant difference in infant infection rates was found before and after the program (Fisher exact P = 1.000).

Conclusions:

  • Volunteer-based DCP programs are feasible for NICU settings, potentially including community hospitals.
  • These programs may effectively mitigate staff emotional exhaustion and depersonalization.
  • Implementing DCP programs does not appear to elevate the risk of infant infections in the NICU.