Decreased expression of CD200 and CD200R1 by human decidual tissues in spontaneous early abortion

Objective: To examine the cellular distribution and the expression of CD200 and its receptor 1 (CD200R1) in human deciduas in first-trimester pregnant women with spontaneous early abortion (SEA) and normal pregnancy, and to explore their role in the etiology of SEA.Subjects and methods: Thirty-five women at 6-10-week gestation with SA and 30 women of similar gestational age with a healthy pregnancy were recruited. Expression of CD200 and CD200R1 in the deciduas was determined using immunohistochemistry, confocal laser scanning microscope, Western blot, and real-time PCR (RT-PCR).Results: The decidual stromal cells, glandular epithelial cells, and vessel endothelial cells during the first trimester of pregnancy express both CD200 and CD200R1 proteins. During this period, the expression of CD200 in glandular epithelial cells and vessel endothelial cells is significantly higher in normal pregnancy than that in women with SEA (0.3079 ± 0.0674 versus 0.2735 ± 0.0515; 0.4077 ± 0.1366 versus 0.3249 ± 0.0993); the expression of CD200R1 in stromal cells, decidual stromal cells, glandular epithelial cells is significantly higher during normal pregnancy than SEA (0.2574 ± 0.0588 versus 0.2292 ± 0.0415; 0.3617 ± 0.1046 versus 0.2804 ± 0.0640). Western blot analysis showed an approximately 44% decrease in CD200R1expression in decidua in the SEA versus the controls. Finally, in decidua, the expression of both CD200 protein and CD200R1 transcript are significantly higher in healthy first-trimester pregnancy than in SEA (CD200: 2.2089 ± 1.2754 versus 0.7241 ± 0.2143; CD200R1: 15.7843 ± 10.7085 versus 7.3381 ± 5.8529).Conclusions: Women with SEA have a lower level of CD200 and CD200R1 expression in deciduas compared with normal pregnant women suggesting that under physiological conditions, CD200 and CD200R1 expression by deciduas is important to prevent fetal loss ensure a successful pregnancy.