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Published on: July 13, 2019
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Utilization of Intensive Care Unit Nutrition Consultation Is Associated With Reduced Mortality
Christopher J Tignanelli1,2, Kyle H Sheetz3, Ashley Petersen4
1Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
JPEN. Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
|March 23, 2019
Summary
Nutrition consultation (NC) is underutilized in U.S. intensive care units (ICUs). Increased NC is linked to better patient outcomes, including lower mortality and fewer complications.
Area of Science:
- Critical Care Medicine
- Clinical Nutrition
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Nutrition consultation (NC) is crucial for critically ill patients in intensive care units (ICUs).
- Prevalence and impact of NC on patient outcomes in U.S. ICUs remain under-investigated.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of NC in U.S. ICUs.
- To analyze the association between NC and clinical outcomes in ICU patients.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 2010-2014 Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project state inpatient databases.
- Employed multilevel logistic regression to assess the relationship between NC and patient outcomes.
Main Results:
- NC rates varied widely across institutions (mean 14%), with burn patients showing the highest rates.
- Patients receiving NC had significantly lower in-hospital mortality (OR 0.59) and reduced rates of intubation, pulmonary failure, pneumonia, and GI bleeding.
- NC was associated with increased likelihood of receiving enteral or parenteral nutrition (ENPN), especially with follow-up consultations.
Conclusions:
- NC rates are low in critically ill patients, indicating a need for increased utilization.
- Enhanced NC implementation in ICUs may significantly improve patient clinical outcomes and nutritional support.
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