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Oncolytic adenoviruses: a game changer approach in the battle between cancer and the immune system

Victor Cervera-Carrascon1,2, Riikka Havunen1,2, Akseli Hemminki1,2,3

  • 1a Cancer Gene Therapy Group, Translational Immunology Research Program, Faculty of Medicine , University of Helsinki , Helsinki , Finland.

Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy
|March 26, 2019
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Oncolytic adenoviruses enhance cancer immunotherapy by boosting T-cell responses. Their immunogenicity and ability to overcome T-cell limitations offer a promising strategy for treating difficult cancers.

Area of Science:

  • Oncolytic virotherapy
  • Cancer immunotherapy
  • Adenovirus research

Background:

  • Oncolytic adenoviruses are highly studied for cancer treatment due to tumor selectivity, safety, and gene delivery.
  • Adenoviruses possess strong immunogenicity, making them valuable for immunotherapy.
  • They can elicit adaptive immune responses, crucial for T-cell related therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the potential of oncolytic adenoviruses in enhancing cancer immunotherapies.
  • To highlight the role of adenovirus immunogenicity in T-cell mediated cancer treatment.
  • To discuss how oncolytic viruses can overcome current limitations in T-cell therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current research on oncolytic adenoviruses and their application in cancer immunotherapy.
  • Analysis of adenovirus-induced effects on tumor microenvironment and systemic immunity.
  • Examination of strategies to combine oncolytic adenoviruses with adoptive T-cell and immune-checkpoint therapies.

Main Results:

  • Oncolytic adenoviruses have shown success in augmenting adoptive T-cell and immune-checkpoint therapies.
  • These viruses induce systemic and local effects that improve T-cell function.
  • They help address challenges like T-cell trafficking, tumor immune suppression, and antigen spreading.

Conclusions:

  • Optimizing combinations and administration of oncolytic adenoviruses with other immunotherapies can lead to durable responses.
  • Oncolytic adenoviruses represent a promising platform for advancing cancer treatment.
  • Further research into combination strategies could unlock new possibilities for incurable cancers.
Keywords:
CAR T cell therapyImmunovirotherapyTCR gene therapyadoptive-cell transfercheckpoint inhibitorsimmunotherapyoncolytic adenovirusviral vectors

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