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Safety and immunogenicity of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in preterm infants

Carolina López-Sanguos1,2, Irene Rivero Calle1,2, Carmen Rodriguez Tenreiro1,2

  • 1a Translational Paediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics , Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela , Santiago de Compostela , Spain.

Expert Opinion on Drug Safety
|March 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are safe and effective for preterm infants, including those with low birth weight. Hospitalized premature infants require 48-hour observation post-immunization due to potential apnea risks.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPD) have decreased globally due to pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs).
  • Preterm infants face higher risks of invasive bacterial infections and often experience delayed immunizations.
  • Delayed PCV administration in preterm infants increases their susceptibility to severe infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the immunogenicity and safety of PCVs in preterm infants.
  • To assess the suitability of PCVs for low birth weight and hospitalized preterm populations.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of published literature on PCV use in preterm infants.
  • Analysis of immunogenicity and safety data, including local and systemic reactions.
  • Evaluation of reported risks such as apnea.

Main Results:

  • PCVs demonstrate safety and efficacy in low birth weight and hospitalized preterm infants.
  • Local and systemic reactions in preterm infants are comparable to those in term infants.
  • Inconsistent reports exist regarding the risk of apnea post-PCV administration.

Conclusions:

  • PCVs are recommended for preterm infants, with similar safety profiles to term infants.
  • Hospitalized extremely premature infants should be monitored for at least 48 hours after PCV immunization due to potential apnea risks.
Abstract

Keywords:
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV)adverse eventsinvasive pneumococcal disease (IPD)preterm infantssafety

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