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Serum electrolyte patterns in end-stage renal disease.

R Wallia, A Greenberg, B Piraino

    American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation
    |August 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Serum electrolyte abnormalities are common in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients starting dialysis. Hyperchloremia is more frequent than previously thought, challenging old assumptions about renal failure.

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    CHILDHOOD IDIOPATHIC NEPHROTIC SYNDROME AND ATOPIC DISEASES: IS THERE A RELATIONSHIP?

    Journal of biological regulators and homeostatic agents·2015

    Area of Science:

    • Nephrology
    • Internal Medicine
    • Clinical Chemistry

    Background:

    • End-stage renal disease (ESRD) management often involves monitoring serum electrolytes.
    • Traditional views suggested hyperchloremia is rare in advanced renal failure.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the prevalence of serum electrolyte patterns in patients initiating dialysis for ESRD.
    • To reassess the frequency of hyperchloremia in ESRD.

    Main Methods:

    • Retrospective chart review of 70 patients undergoing dialysis for ESRD.
    • Analysis of serum electrolyte values, including total CO2 (tCO2), anion gap (delta), and chloride.

    Main Results:

    • Only 20% of patients exhibited the classical low tCO2, elevated delta, and normal chloride pattern.

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  • Hyperchloremia was observed in 46% of patients.
  • Normal serum electrolytes were present in 20% of patients, particularly those with diabetic nephropathy.

    • Conclusions:

    • The prevalence of hyperchloremia in ESRD patients initiating dialysis is higher than previously believed.
    • A significant number of ESRD patients may have normal electrolytes upon starting dialysis therapy.