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Bacterial sialoglycosidases in Virulence and Pathogenesis
Preethi Sudhakara1, Iyappan Sellamuthu2, A Wilson Aruni3,4,5
1Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai 603203, India. miyupreethi@gmail.com.
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
|March 27, 2019
Summary
Human oral microbiome dysbiosis, often caused by immune impairment, can lead to periodontitis. Porphyromonas gingivalis uses sialoglycoproteases to disrupt host defenses, offering potential drug targets.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Immunology
- Periodontology
Background:
- Human oral microbiome dysbiosis is linked to immune system impairment and chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis.
- Periodontitis affects millions, increasing risks for systemic conditions including cardiovascular disease and Alzheimer's disease.
- Porphyromonas gingivalis is a keystone pathogen driving periodontitis by subverting host defenses and altering the oral microbiota.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of Porphyromonas gingivalis sialoglycoproteases in oral dysbiosis.
- To understand microbial strategies targeting host sialoglycoproteins for immune dysregulation.
- To identify potential therapeutic targets for periodontitis and related conditions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis virulence factors.
- Investigation of microbial enzyme activity on host sialoglycoproteins.
- Exploration of sialic acid-mediated pathogen-toll like receptor (TLR) interactions.
Main Results:
- Porphyromonas gingivalis employs sialoglycoproteases to degrade host sialoglycoproteins, exposing terminal sialic acid.
- This process facilitates immune dysregulation and pathogen growth.
- Sialic acid-mediated interactions with pathogen toll-like receptors (TLRs) are implicated in dysbiosis.
Conclusions:
- Porphyromonas gingivalis sialoglycoproteases are key virulence factors in periodontitis.
- Understanding these enzymes' function is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
- Carbohydrate analogues and sialic acid mimetics show promise as drug targets against P. gingivalis-mediated dysbiosis.
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