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Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic Clamps in Conscious, Unrestrained Mice
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Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis.

Leonid Barski1, Tamar Eshkoli2, Evgenia Brandstaetter1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine F, Soroka Univerity Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

European Journal of Internal Medicine
|March 27, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (eu-DKA) is a dangerous condition that can be missed due to mild hyperglycemia. Prompt treatment involving fluids, electrolytes, and insulin is crucial for managing this emergency.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (eu-DKA) is a severe metabolic emergency.
  • It presents with normal or mildly elevated blood glucose levels (<200 mg/dL), potentially delaying diagnosis.
  • The incidence of eu-DKA has increased with the use of SGLT2 inhibitors for type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the characteristics and management of eu-DKA.
  • To emphasize the importance of early recognition and intervention.
  • To discuss the role of SGLT2 inhibitors in the rising incidence of eu-DKA.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria for eu-DKA.
  • Analysis of contributing factors including SGLT2 inhibitor use, pregnancy, alcohol, and sepsis.
  • Outline of emergency treatment protocols for eu-DKA.

Main Results:

  • eu-DKA can occur in both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
  • Delayed diagnosis of eu-DKA can lead to adverse metabolic consequences.
  • Effective treatment requires aggressive fluid resuscitation, electrolyte correction, insulin infusion, and careful glucose management.

Conclusions:

  • eu-DKA is a critical medical emergency requiring immediate attention.
  • Awareness of eu-DKA, especially in patients on SGLT2 inhibitors, is vital for timely diagnosis.
  • Standard DKA treatment protocols, adapted for eu-DKA, are effective in managing this condition.