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Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Cell Lines as a Three-Dimensional Model for the Study of Human Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy
Published on: August 14, 2012
Stathmin-1 Is a Useful Diagnostic Marker for High-Grade Lung Neuroendocrine Tumors
Kimihiro Shimizu1, Yusuke Goto2, Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa3
1Department of General Surgical Science, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.
Background:
Stathmin-1 regulates microtubule dynamics and is associated with malignant phenotypes in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study evaluated its diagnostic value for differentiating between NSCLC and high-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor (HGNET).
Methods:
Stathmin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 414 NSCLC (305 adenocarcinoma [AD], 102 squamous cell carcinoma [SCC], 7 large-cell carcinoma), 5 typical carcinoid (low-grade lung neuroendocrine tumor), and 34 HGNET (17 small-cell carcinoma [SCLC] and 17 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma [LCNEC]) surgical specimens and 57 NSCLC (29 AD and 28 SCC) and 42 HGNET (17 LCNEC and 25 SCLC) biopsy specimens. We also analyzed stathmin-1 mRNA levels in 81 NSCLCs and 26 HGNETs with the use of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
Results:
Among NSCLC samples, we saw high stathmin-1 protein expression in only three ADs, one SCC, and one large-cell carcinoma surgical samples, all five of which showed neuroendocrine characteristics in pathologic re-review; and low or intermediate expression in all five typical carcinoid surgical samples and all 57 NSCLC biopsy samples. In contrast, all HGNET surgical (n = 34) and biopsy (n = 42) samples showed high stathmin-1 expression. In reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, stathmin-1 expression was significantly higher in HGNET tissues than in NSCLC tissues (p < 0.001).
Conclusions:
Stathmin-1 expression can help in differentiating NSCLC from HGNET.
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