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State Physical Education Policy Changes From 2001 to 2016.

Brian Dauenhauer1, Xiaofen Keating2, Peter Stoepker3

  • 1University of Northern Colorado, Gunter Hall 2650, Campus Box 39, Greeley, CO 80639.

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State policies for physical education (PE) have largely stagnated, with few changes in mandates or time requirements over 15 years. However, more states now adopt PE standards and fitness testing, reflecting a national education trend.

Keywords:
assessmentmandatesrepeated measuresstandards

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Education Policy
  • K-12 Education

Background:

  • State policies significantly shape the delivery and quality of school-based educational programs.
  • This research investigates shifts in state physical education policies between 2001 and 2016, utilizing data from The Shape of the Nation Report.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends and changes in state physical education policies over a 15-year period.
  • To identify areas of policy stagnation and progress in physical education at the state level.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of state policies concerning physical education mandates, time/credit requirements, assessment, fitness testing, standards adoption, and substitution allowances.
  • Utilized data from five editions of The Shape of the Nation Report (2001-2016).
  • Employed repeated measures statistical analysis to track policy changes over time.

Main Results:

  • A majority of state physical education policies remained unchanged from 2001 to 2016.
  • A notable increase was observed in states adopting teaching standards and implementing assessment and fitness testing requirements.
  • These changes align with a broader educational movement towards standards-based accountability.

Conclusions:

  • While physical education has seen increased rigor through standards and assessment, it remains marginalized due to insufficient curricular time and inadequate substitution policies.
  • Enhanced physical education policies are crucial for positively impacting student health within schools.
  • There is a need for stronger state-level policies to ensure physical education's substantial contribution to school health outcomes.