Promoting Active Schools in the United States: A Feasibility Study Applying the Interactive Systems Framework

PurposeThis feasibility study explored the application of the Interactive Systems Framework for Dissemination and Implementation (ISF) to promote physical activity (PA) in elementary schools, leveraging resources from Active Schools.ApproachA convergent parallel mixed-methods design was used to examine implementation efforts and student PA outcomes.SettingData were collected from eight elementary schools across the United States.ParticipantsThe study included eight Active Schools Champions (physical education teachers) and 371 students.MethodsChampions completed the School Wellness Readiness Assessment (SWRA) and the Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) Policies and Practices Questionnaire. A survey and interview based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) also captured barriers and facilitators. Concurrently, student PA patterns were assessed using the Youth Activity Profile (YAP).ResultsSchools demonstrated moderate readiness (mean SWRA = 3.7) and implemented an average of 64% of CSPAP best practices. Student PA exceeded national recommendations, averaging 70 minutes per day, with most of this activity occurring during the school day. Organizational barriers, such as a lack of administrative support, were identified.ConclusionThe findings document the successful implementation of CSPAP and provide insights into organizational barriers and facilitators. This study highlights the value of accessible, evidence-based resources and needs assessment tools, while also revealing challenges related to time-intensive professional development and disparities in readiness across different school locales. The results will inform future interventions and resources to promote more equitable PA opportunities.