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Neuroimaging of Pediatric Arteriopathies

Pradeep Goyal1, Ajay Malhotra2, Jeevak Almast3

  • 1Department of Radiology, St. Vincent's Medical Center, Bridgeport, CT.

Journal of Neuroimaging : Official Journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
|March 29, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric arteriopathies, affecting children, cause various neurological symptoms including stroke. Differentiating between inflammatory and non-inflammatory causes is crucial for effective treatment and preventing future events.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Vascular Neurology

Background:

  • Pediatric arteriopathies are increasingly diagnosed in school-aged children.
  • Symptoms range from headaches and seizures to focal neurological deficits and ischemic strokes.
  • Pediatric ischemic stroke differs from adult stroke in clinical presentation, mechanisms, and risk factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the growing recognition of pediatric cerebral arteriopathies as a primary cause of stroke in children.
  • To emphasize the importance of prompt diagnosis for limiting injury and preventing recurrent strokes.
  • To categorize arteriopathies for improved management and prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Classification of arteriopathies based on vessel size (large-medium vs. small).
  • Further categorization into inflammatory and non-inflammatory etiologies.
  • Clinical symptom analysis and diagnostic criteria.

Main Results:

  • Pediatric arteriopathies are a significant cause of stroke in children.
  • Distinguishing between inflammatory and non-inflammatory arteriopathies is key.
  • Classification aids in acute management and secondary stroke prevention.

Conclusions:

  • Prompt diagnosis and classification of pediatric arteriopathies are essential.
  • Differentiating inflammatory from non-inflammatory causes impacts prognosis, treatment, and systemic complication screening.
  • Understanding these distinctions improves patient outcomes and guides counseling.

Keywords:
CASCADE criteriaMoyamoya diseaseacute ischemic strokefocal cerebral arteriopathygenetically determined arteriopathies

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