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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

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Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

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When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
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Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:22

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

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Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
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Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

305
Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...
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What is a Frequency Distribution00:51

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A frequency is the number of times a value of the data occurs. The sum of all the frequency values represents the total number of students included in the sample. It is commonly used to group data of quantitative types. Frequency distributions can be displayed in a table, histogram, line graph, dot plot, or pie chart, just to name a few. A histogram is a graphical representation of tabulated frequencies, shown as adjacent rectangles, erected over discrete intervals (bins), with an area equal to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

Transthoracic Echocardiography to Assess Post-Resuscitation Left Ventricular Dysfunction After Acute Myocardial Infarction and Cardiac Arrest in Pigs
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Persistent left ventricular dysfunction after acute lymphocytic myocarditis: Frequency and predictors.

Marco Merlo1, Enrico Ammirati2, Piero Gentile1

  • 1Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata (ASUITS) and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Plos One
|March 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent left ventricular dysfunction is common in acute lymphocytic myocarditis survivors. Initial heart damage and inflammation predict long-term systolic impairment, impacting over half of patients.

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Noninvasive Assessment of Cardiac Abnormalities in Experimental Autoimmune Myocarditis by Magnetic Resonance Microscopy Imaging in the Mouse
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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Persistent left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction following acute lymphocytic myocarditis (LM) is not well understood.
  • Assessing the frequency and predictors of persistent LV dysfunction in LM patients with reduced ejection fraction is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the occurrence of persistent LV dysfunction in acute LM patients.
  • To identify factors predicting long-term LV systolic impairment after LM.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 48 patients with LM, reduced ejection fraction, and 1-year echocardiography.
  • Multivariate analysis to identify predictors of LV dysfunction at 1-year follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Over half (56.3%) of patients exhibited persistent LV dysfunction (LVEF <50%) at 1 year.
  • Predictors included larger LV end-diastolic diameter, non-fulminant presentation, and poor lymphocytic infiltrate.
  • Lower pre-discharge LVEF was the strongest predictor (AUC 0.95).

Conclusions:

  • Persistent LV dysfunction is frequent in acute LM survivors.
  • Early signs of myocardial damage and inflammation predict long-term outcomes.