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Related Concept Videos

CRISPR01:59

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Genome editing technologies allow scientists to modify an organism’s DNA via the addition, removal, or rearrangement of genetic material at specific genomic locations. These types of techniques could potentially be used to cure genetic disorders such as hemophilia and sickle cell anemia. One popular and widely used DNA-editing research tool that could lead to safe and effective cures for genetic disorders is the CRISPR-Cas9 system. CRISPR-Cas9 stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced...
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The CRISPR-Cas system serves as a bacterial defense mechanism against invading genetic elements such as viruses and plasmids, forming the foundation for its adaptation as a powerful genome-editing tool. Originally discovered in prokaryotes, this system has been repurposed to revolutionize genetic engineering across a wide range of organisms, including plants, animals, and humans. The core component, Cas9, is an endonuclease derived from Streptococcus pyogenes, capable of introducing...
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Highly Efficient Gene Disruption of Murine and Human Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells by CRISPR/Cas9
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A CRISPR/Cas9-based central processing unit to program complex logic computation in human cells.

Hyojin Kim1, Daniel Bojar1, Martin Fussenegger2,3

  • 1Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|March 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel CRISPR/Cas9-based system for cellular computing, enabling complex logic operations within single cells. This synthetic biology advance offers greater programming flexibility for biocomputers.

Keywords:
biocomputinggenetic engineeringsynthetic biology

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Area of Science:

  • Synthetic Biology
  • Molecular Computing
  • Gene Expression Control

Background:

  • Controlling gene expression with logic gates is a key goal in synthetic biology.
  • Current biocomputers using protein-based switches have limited programming flexibility and complexity within single cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a CRISPR/Cas9-based core processor for advanced cellular computation.
  • To enable programming of a single transcriptional regulator for diverse bitwise computations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a CRISPR/Cas9 system with user-defined guide RNA inputs.
  • Programmed a single transcriptional regulator (dCas9-KRAB) to perform Boolean logic and arithmetic operations.
  • Constructed a dual-core central processing unit (CPU) using two orthogonal CRISPR/Cas9 core processors in one cell.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a CRISPR/Cas9-based core processor capable of performing various bitwise computations, including Boolean logic gates and a half adder.
  • Successfully integrated two orthogonal core processors into a dual-core CPU within a single cell.

Conclusions:

  • The CRISPR/Cas9-based core processor significantly enhances programming flexibility for cellular biocomputers.
  • Integrating multiple orthogonal CRISPR/Cas9 processors in human cells holds potential for vast computational capacity.