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Vascular Cognitive Disorder.

Matt B Paradise1, Perminder S Sachdev1,2

  • 1Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, UNSW Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) involves cognitive impairment from cerebrovascular disease (CVD), impacting memory and thinking. Controlling vascular risk factors is key for prevention and treatment of VCD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) is a significant cause of cognitive impairment, second only to Alzheimer's disease.
  • VCD encompasses a spectrum of cognitive deficits linked to cerebrovascular disease (CVD), including vascular dementia (VaD).
  • Prevalence estimates for VCD vary due to differing diagnostic criteria, highlighting a need for standardization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define vascular cognitive disorder (VCD) and its relationship with cerebrovascular disease (CVD).
  • To review the range of neuropathological mechanisms underlying VCD.
  • To emphasize the role of neuroimaging and vascular risk factor control in VCD management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on VCD and CVD.
  • Analysis of neuropathological mechanisms and their interaction with other pathologies like Alzheimer's disease.
  • Examination of recent neuroimaging findings and treatment strategies.

Main Results:

  • VCD is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by cognitive impairment due to CVD.
  • CVD interacts with other neuropathologies, such as Alzheimer's disease, contributing to mixed-pathology dementia.
  • Neuroimaging advancements have enhanced understanding of VCD etiology.

Conclusions:

  • Standardized diagnostic criteria for VCD are being developed.
  • Symptomatic treatments for VaD offer modest benefits.
  • Primary and secondary prevention through vascular risk factor control are crucial for managing VCD.