Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

132.0K
Hydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.
Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!
Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are unequally shared....
132.0K
Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

13.6K
A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
13.6K
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

5.8K
Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
5.8K
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

5.7K
Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry,...
5.7K
Epigenetic Regulation01:46

Epigenetic Regulation

33.5K
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
33.5K
GTPases and their Regulation02:14

GTPases and their Regulation

9.8K
Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins), also known as GTPases, are a superfamily of proteins that regulate many cellular processes, such as cell signaling, vesicular transport, and the regulation of cell shape and motility. Mutation or dysfunction of these proteins can lead to disease. There are around 40,000 known G-proteins that can broadly be classified into two groups ‒  small G-proteins consisting of a single domain and large multi-domain G-proteins.
Large G-proteins,...
9.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Confronting complexities of uterus transplantation: Balancing Innovation, Risk and Access.

Fertility and sterility·2026
Same author

PGR-mediated transcriptome identifies SOX9 as a critical regulator of progesterone production in human ovulatory follicles.

iScience·2026
Same author

Anesthetic challenges of the first successful living-donor uterus transplantation in Latin America: a case report.

Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil)·2026
Same author

The EDIcebreaker: a new educational inclusive tool.

Biology of reproduction·2026
Same author

Reconstitution of the uterine immune milieu after uterus or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Science translational medicine·2026
Same author

From Preservation to Creation: The Expanding Frontier of Fertility Preservation - Proceedings of the 2<sup>nd</sup> Montreux Reproductive Summit, 29-30 August 2025.

Facts, views & vision in ObGyn·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

4.2K

The endogenous hydrogen sulfide generating system regulates ovulation.

Anthony Estienne1, Valério M Portela1, Yohan Choi2

  • 1Centre de Recherche en Reproduction et Fertilité, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St-Hyacinthe, J2S 7C6, QC, Canada.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine
|April 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays a key role in regulating ovulation. This study found that H2S influences key molecular events leading to follicle rupture, impacting female reproductive processes.

Keywords:
FollicleGranulosa cellsOvaryOvulation

More Related Videos

Unraveling the Role of Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain in the Regulation of Ovulation through Reversible Inactivation by Tetrodotoxin Microinjections
11:04

Unraveling the Role of Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain in the Regulation of Ovulation through Reversible Inactivation by Tetrodotoxin Microinjections

Published on: September 3, 2020

3.5K
Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney
10:00

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney

Published on: October 12, 2015

12.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

4.2K
Unraveling the Role of Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain in the Regulation of Ovulation through Reversible Inactivation by Tetrodotoxin Microinjections
11:04

Unraveling the Role of Discrete Areas of the Rat Brain in the Regulation of Ovulation through Reversible Inactivation by Tetrodotoxin Microinjections

Published on: September 3, 2020

3.5K
Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney
10:00

Use of Enzymatic Biosensors to Quantify Endogenous ATP or H2O2 in the Kidney

Published on: October 12, 2015

12.3K

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Biology
  • Endocrinology
  • Free-Radical Signaling

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is known to regulate ovarian function, including ovulation.
  • Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), another free-radical gas often co-generated with NO, has an understudied role in ovarian physiology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the hypothesis that H2S regulates ovulation.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which H2S influences the ovulatory cascade.

Main Methods:

  • Examined the expression of cystathionine γ-lyase (CTH), an H2S-generating enzyme, in mouse and human granulosa cells following luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulation.
  • Utilized pharmacological inhibitors and donors of H2S to assess the impact on ovulation in vivo and in vitro.
  • Analyzed the effects of H2S on the expression of genes critical for cumulus expansion and follicle rupture, such as amphiregulin, betacellulin, and matrix metalloproteinases.

Main Results:

  • LH treatment increased CTH mRNA and protein levels in granulosa cells.
  • Inhibition of H2S synthesis reduced ovulation rates, an effect reversed by H2S donors.
  • H2S supplementation enhanced the expression of genes involved in cumulus expansion and follicle rupture, including amphiregulin, betacellulin, and TNFα-induced protein 6.
  • CTH inhibition decreased the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2, matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue-type plasminogen activator, while H2S donors restored and increased these levels.

Conclusions:

  • The H2S-generating system is a significant regulator of ovulation.
  • H2S is involved in the preovulatory cascade, promoting follicle rupture through modulation of key gene expression.