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Related Concept Videos

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 27, 2026

PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins
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PAR-CliP - A Method to Identify Transcriptome-wide the Binding Sites of RNA Binding Proteins

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Current approaches for RNA-labelling to identify RNA-binding proteins.

Darren Gemmill1, Simmone D'souza1, Vanessa Meier-Stephenson1,2

  • 1Alberta RNA Research and Training Institute & Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.

Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire
|April 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Researchers review methods for modifying RNA to capture RNA-binding proteins. These techniques, including small-molecule modification and aptamer addition, are crucial for understanding RNA

Keywords:
RNA-binding proteinsaffinity captureaptamer labellingbiotin labellingcapture d’affinitédigoxigenin labellingméthode de substitution de nucléotidesnucleotide-substitution methodprotéines liant l’ARNétiquetage d’aptamèresétiquetage à la biotineétiquetage à la digoxigénine

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Last Updated: Jan 27, 2026

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is fundamental to all life, regulating gene expression, defense, and cell growth.
  • RNA-protein interactions are vital for numerous cellular processes and disease mechanisms.
  • Identifying RNA-binding proteins is crucial for understanding these interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for modifying RNA to capture RNA-binding proteins.
  • To highlight techniques that use RNA as a 'bait' to identify interacting proteins.
  • To discuss the applications, advantages, and challenges of various RNA modification strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Small-molecule modification of RNA.
  • Addition of aptamers to RNA molecules.
  • DNA-anchoring techniques for RNA capture.
  • Nucleotide substitution in RNA.

Main Results:

  • The review covers diverse RNA modification strategies for identifying RNA-binding proteins.
  • Each method's application, benefits, and limitations are discussed.
  • Examples illustrate the practical use of these techniques.

Conclusions:

  • RNA modification techniques are essential tools for studying RNA-protein interactions.
  • These methods offer different advantages and face unique challenges.
  • Further development of these techniques will advance our understanding of RNA biology.